Assignment: PICOT Statement and Literature Evaluation Table 

Assignment: PICOT Statement and Literature Evaluation Table

While the implementation plan prepares students to apply their research to the problem or issue they have identified for their capstone change proposal project, the literature review enables students to map out and move into the active planning and development stages of the project.

A literature review analyzes how current research supports the PICOT, as well as identifies what is known and what is not known in the evidence. Students will use the information from the earlier

Assignment: PICOT Statement and Literature Evaluation Table to develop a 750-1,000 word review that includes the following sections:

1. Title page

2. Introduction section

3. A comparison of research questions

4. A comparison of sample populations

5. A comparison of the limitations of the study

6. A conclusion section, incorporating recommendations for further research

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This paper discusses the unprecedented complexities and issues related to dementia and particularly people living with dementia (PWD) and research in the field utilizing the quantitative measures to understand the severity of the symptoms as stipulated by Pan et al. (2013) of 51 patients with vascular dementia. The primary focus of the study is based on the demographics of old or aging populations who have been outlined as people at higher risks and prevalence of vascular and dementia complexities.

Problem/Patient Population

The research analysis presents the aging population as the primary population considering that dementia affects people in their senior years. The severities of the behavioral and psychological symptoms consistent with vascular dementia are outlined based on the metrics set through quantitative measures for 51 patients in three environments, diurnal, evening and nocturnal events. Considering that dimension is mainly characterized by amnesia and memory loss the conflict in this population especially with the old or aging population is presented through the delivery of care and achieving better patient outcomes for the PWD patients. It is critical to note that dementia reduces the functionalities of the patients increasing the risks of other issues including becoming unfit due to lack of exercise among other concerns.

Intervention

For this particular group of patients, the intervention is solely based on improving outcomes and maintaining a comfortable lifestyle for the outlined patients at risks (Hughes & Common, 2015). The intervention is based on a combination of two aspects; exercise and medication. By integrating exercises to patients with dementia, it has been shown that exercise can improve memory loss symptoms as well as keep the patient fit. PICOT Statement Paper and Literature Evaluation Table Assignments.It has been shown that regular exercise improves brain functions in two ways; indirect methods and direct methods. Indirectly exercise helps stimulate and improve mood, sleep, as well as reduce stress and anxiety. This is characteristics of vascular dementia among the older generations. Directly the benefits are derived from the ability of exercise to reduce insulin resistance, reducing inflammation and stimulation of the growth factors. In the old people with dementia “chemicals or growth factors in the brain affect the health of brain cells, induce growth of new blood vessels in the brain as well as indices the abundance and survival rates of the new brain cells”.

Comparison

It is notable that the majority of the patients are immobile due to old age issues and conditions. This means that they cannot engage in productive or useful exercises to stimulate their brains and growth factors. It is therefore imperative that a supportive environment through informal caregiving is instituted to facilitate their safety and relaxation. Supportive environment allows the patient to access all the care services through the help of their informal caregiver or family member. This provides a comparison point to measure how much the success of the intervention for the patients that are can engage in productive and useful exercise (Neubert et al., 2018).

Outcome

The results or outcomes of an integrated exercise for dementia patients prompt health care facilities to consider their choices with regards to the patient’s abilities and informal care availability in improving the outcomes of dementia patients. In other words, the teams must make decision-based on what is best for the entire health status of individual patients. The outcome of the study is etched on improving the overall safety of a patient living with dementia by reducing and improving the symptoms to prevent cases of re-hospitalization resulting from injuries such as fall incidences.

Time

The data collection for the study was done in 2013 by nurses who primarily utilize questionnaires. The data collection also utilized diverse scales and tools of assessment to establish dominant symptoms such as the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), symptoms assessments the BEHAVE-AD scale among others (Pan et al., 2013).

References

Hughes, J., & Common, J. (2015). Ethical issues in caring for patients with dementia. Nursing Standard, 29(49), 42-47. doi: 10.7748/ns.29.49.42.e9206.

Neubert, L., König, H., & Brettschneider, C. (2018). Seeking the balance between caregiving in dementia, family, and employment: study protocol for a mixed method study in Northern Germany. BMJ Open, 8(2), e019444. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019444

Pan, W., Yoshida, S., Liu, Q., Wu, C., Wang, J., Zhu, J., & Cai, D. (2013). Quantitative evaluation of the severity of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in patients with vascular dementia. Translational Neurodegeneration, 2(1), 9. doi: 10.1186/2047-9158-2-9 Assignment: PICOT Statement and Literature Evaluation Table.

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• Discussion Questions (DQ)

Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, including a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words. Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source. One or two-sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words. I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses.

• Weekly Participation

Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately. In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies. Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work). Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week.

• APA Format and Writing Quality

Familiarize yourself with the APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in Loud-cloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required). Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation. I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition.

• Use of Direct Quotes

I discourage over-utilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Master’s level and deduct points accordingly. As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content. It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source.

• LopesWrite Policy

For assignments that need to be submitted to Lopes Write, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me. Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes. Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own? Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in Loud-cloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.

• Late Policy

The university’s policy on late assignments is a 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies. Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances. If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect. I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension. As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.

• Communication

Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me: Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class. Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours. Assignment: PICOT Statement and Literature Evaluation Table 

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