Homework: Cardiovascular System Lab

The cardiovascular system lab measures heart functioning systematically and the blood pressure that affects the heart’s performance. This further includes the results of how the blood pressure variations affect the patients based on the lab reports. This article will discuss normal blood pressure and the concerned blood pressure level. In addition, it will cover the optimum amount of heartbeat rate and what is considered a healthy heart rate. Furthermore, it will cover the correlation between the heart rate and blood pressure, the cardiovascular lab results, and the suggestion for life improvement using the lab reports. 

BIO FPX 1000 Assessment 1 Homework: Cardiovascular System Lab

What is Blood Pressure

Blood pressure is the process of pumping blood from the heart to the body. Diastolic pressure is the force by which the heart drives out the blood, while systolic pressure is the pressure of resting between the cardiac beats. The ideal blood pressure range is around  90/60mm Hg and 120/80mm Hg (National Health Service, 2019). Furthermore, Hypertension is diagnosed when high blood pressure is observed persistently such that it exceeds the normal range and is considered to be above 130/80 mm Hg. In addition, hypertension in this range does not require many medications but can be treated through lifestyle changes. In contrast, the blood pressure in hypertension patients that needs prompt medication and concern ranges from  140/90 mm Hg or higher. 

What is Heart Rate

Heart rate is the number of times the heart beats in one minute to meet the body’s oxygen level needs (Harvard Health Publishing, 2020). Heart rate and blood pressure are two different medical measurements, as a faster heart rate does not always points to high blood pressure (Beckerman, 2002). There are two types of heart rates, resting heart rate and maximum heart rate. 

Resting heart rate describes the rate at which the body is at rest, and thus the heart is pumping the lowest amount of oxygen. 60 to 100 beats per minute (bpm) is considered as a healthy resting heart rate. According to American Heart Association,  the lower, the better is the motto for resting heart rate (American Heart Association, 2021). Maximum heart rate is the rate at which the heart beats while working its hardest to meet its oxygen needs, as in exercising or performing any physical activity. (Harvard Health Publishing, 2020).

Similarly, it can be stated as the highest pulse level. The healthy heart rate for a 50-year-old is 180 beats per minute (bpm). Although the range differs with age, it can be calculated using the formula, which is  220 minus the age of the individual (American Heart Association, 2021). An abnormal cardiac rate indicates the body’s health condition, as it is a concerning issue when the heartbeat goes more than 120-140 beats per minute (bpm) or falls below 60 beats per minute (bpm) (Mayo Clinic, n.d.). 

Correlation between Heart Rate and Blood Pressure

Persistent hypertension is a major health problem and a cardiovascular disease risk factor. It is observed that elevated heart rate is a standard article in hypertensive patients, and a higher heart rate is honored to be leading to hypertension. Furthermore, an elevated heart rate is a risk factor causing high blood pressure and other major cardiovascular diseases (Dalal et al., 2019). In addition, Goorakani et al. (2020) describe a positive correlation between elevated heart rate and the causes of cardiovascular morbidity, which can even lead to untimely mortality (Goorakani et al., 2020). 

Cardiovascular Results in Patients and Improvement of Lifestyle Changes

Patient 1:

Tanya

Age: 40

Complaint: The patient was facing frequent headaches

BIO FPX 1000 Assessment 1 Homework: Cardiovascular System Lab

1. Blood Pressure Test:

The blood pressure measured was 125/80 mm Hg. 125/80 mm Hg is considered pre-hypertension as it is on the borderline of average to high. While it is also recommended to keep the blood pressure in the range below 120/80 mmHg

2. Heart rate Test:

The standard range for Tanya’s heart rate was 66-72 bpm. A heart rate of more than 100

bpm or less than 60 bpm is considered a concerning point.

Patient 1:

Caroline Mendoza

Age: 45

Complaint: The patient has reported noticing persistent high blood pressure 

1. Blood Pressure Test:

The blood pressure measured was 140/90 mm Hg. 140/90 mm Hg is considered intense high blood pressure by the World Health organization. It shows the signs of hypertension. It is recommended to start medications to control the blood pressure in the range below 120/80 mmHg

2. Heart rate Test:

The standard range for Tanya’s heart rate was 135 bpm. A heart rate of more than 100

bpm is considered an alarming situation.

Conclusion

Blood pressure is the force the heart exerts to pump blood. Normal blood pressure ranges below 120/90 mmHg, while persistent observation above this level is considered high blood pressure. In addition, Heart rate is the rate at which the heart beats in a minute. The resting and maximum heart rates are two types of heart rates. The maximum heart rate optimum level depends on the age of the patients. Furthermore, hypertension is a significant health problem and a risk to cardiovascular disease factor.

BIO FPX 1000 Assessment 1 Homework: Cardiovascular System Lab

References

American Heart Association. (2021). Know your target heart rates for exercise, losing weight and health. Www.heart.org. https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/fitness/fitness-basics/target-heart-rates 

Beckerman, J. (2002). Your Heart Rate. WebMD; WebMD. https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/heart-failure/watching-rate-monitor 

Dalal, J., Dasbiswas, A., Sathyamurthy, I., Maddury, S. R., Kerkar, P., Bansal, S., Thomas, J., Mandal, S. C., Mookerjee, S., Natarajan, S., Kumar, V., Chandra, N., Khan, A., Vijayakumar, R., & Sawhney, J. P. S. (2019). Heart rate in hypertension: review and expert opinion. International Journal of Hypertension, 2019, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2087064 

Fuchs, F. D., & Whelton, P. K. (2020). High blood pressure and cardiovascular disease. Hypertension, 75(2), 285–292. https://doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.14240 

Goorakani, Y., Sedigh Rahimabadi, M., Dehghan, A., Kazemi, M., Chijan, M. R., Bijani, M., Shahraki, H. R., Davoodi, A., Farjam, M., & Homayounfar, R. (2020). Correlation of resting heart rate with anthropometric factors and serum biomarkers in a population-based study: Fasa PERSIAN cohort study. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-020-01594-y 

Harvard Health Publishing. (2020). What your heart rate is telling you – Harvard Health. Harvard Health; Harvard Health. https://www.health.harvard.edu/heart-health/what-your-heart-rate-is-telling-you 

Mayo Clinic. (n.d.). 2 easy, accurate ways to measure your heart rate. Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/expert-answers/heart-rate/faq-20057979#:~:text=Consult%20your%20doctor%20if%20your 

National Health Service. (2019). What is blood pressure? NHS. https://www.nhs.uk/common-health-questions/lifestyle/what-is-blood-pressure/ 

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