Assignment: Evidence-Based Project, Part 2: Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry

Assignment: Evidence-Based Project, Part 2: Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry

Assignment: Evidence-Based Project, Part 2: Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry

Assignment: Evidence-Based Project, Part 2: Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry and Systematic Reviews

Your quest to purchase a new car begins with an identification of the factors important to you. As you conduct a search of cars that rate high on those factors, you collect evidence and try to understand the extent of that evidence. A report that suggests a certain make and model of automobile has high mileage is encouraging. But who produced that report? How valid is it? How was the data collected, and what was the sample size?

In this Assignment, you will delve deeper into clinical inquiry by closely examining your PICO(T) question. You also begin to analyze the evidence you have collected. To Prepare:

• Review the Resources and identify a clinical issue of interest that can form the basis of a clinical
• Develop a PICO(T) question to address the clinical issue of interest you identified in Module 2 for the This PICOT question will remain the same for the entire course.
• Use the key words from the PICO(T) question you developed and search at least four different databases in the Walden Identify at least four relevant systematic reviews or other filtered high-level evidence, which includes meta- analyses, critically-appraised topics (evidence syntheses), critically-appraised individual articles (article synopses). The evidence will not necessarily address all the elements of your PICO(T) question, so select the most important concepts to search and find the best evidence available.
• Reflect on the process of creating a PICO(T) question and searching for peer- reviewed

The Assignment (Evidence-Based Project)

Part 2: Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry and Systematic Reviews

Create a 6- to 7-slide PowerPoint presentation in which you do the following:

• Identify and briefly describe your chosen clinical issue of
• Describe how you developed a PICO(T) question focused on your chosen clinical issue of
• Identify the four research databases that you used to conduct your search for the peer-reviewed articles you
• Provide APA citations of the four relevant peer-reviewed articles at the systematic-reviews level related to your research If there are no systematic review level articles or meta-analysis on your topic, then use the highest level of evidence peer reviewed article.
• Describe the levels of evidence in each of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected, including an explanation of the strengths of using systematic reviews for clinical Be specific and provide examples.

By Day 7 of Week 5

Submit Part 2 of your Evidence-Based Project.

The clinical issue in question for this discussion is the reintegration of reformed drug users to the society. According to Butler, Becker, and Humphreys (2018) more than 55% of the well- known drug addicts within a specific region usually experience difficulties when getting to reintegrate to their community. Such individuals are usually discriminated against and they are also stereotyped based on their past. One of the reasons why this is a concern includes that there is a growing number of opioid users across the United States. For instance, a 2018 report by HHS.Gov (2019) revealed that about 10.3 million Americans aged 12 years or older misuse opioids each year. Of note is that about 9.9 million individuals misused pain reliever and a more than 800,000 misused heroin. This was an increase of more than 25% of the opioid misusers that was reported a decade earlier in 2008, indicating that the issue is on a rise. Fundamentally, a large number of opioid abusers and drug abusers in general are known to friends, families, neighborhoods and several members of the neighborhood where they reside. The issue however is that many of them tend not to trust the reformed users even after they have successfully undergone rehabilitation. According to Ross, (2020), many of the reformed users usually experience difficulties in getting to access employment or some services due to stigma that is based on their past. The issue with this according to Ross, (2020) includes that feeling insecure and the lack of acceptance by friends, family and the society at large is one of the leading cause (60%) of relapse. This means that failure to successfully integrate back to the society needs to be mitigated making it an important clinical issue.

Using the PICO(T) format, the clinical issue will be formatted as such: P which is the population and or problem will include ‘reformed opioid/drug abusers’ who want to get their lives back on track. The I which stands for intervention is ‘improving the support for the issues of stereotyping against reformed opioid users’, this is especially in regards to getting employment and overcoming discrimination in regard to right of service. The C which is comparison is ‘not applicable’ for this issue since the O which is Outcome or Objective, is to overcome relapsing of drug abusers through according them with more support during the integration process. The T which is Time is to ensure that the reformed addicts are integrated, and supported as fast as possible (6 months) in order to prevent them from relapsing, because the longer it takes for them to integrate, the higher the chances of relapsing. The overall PICO(T) question is: Does according reformed addicts support in getting employment and or acceptance in the society reduce chances of them relapsing?

The search for the resources for the clinical issue will be conducted over the Cumulat-ed Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and from PubMed. It is important to note that CINAHL is an affiliate of Elton B. Stephens Company (EBSCO) information services, while PubMed is an affiliate of Medical Lit-erature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE). Selecting CINAHL is important because it contains over 3,075 nursing and allied health academic journals in the clinical field that is peer reviewed and from credible verifiable sources. The database is also easy to use. PubMed has also been selected because of its authoritative peer reviewed sources in medical research. It is also easy to navigate when searching for resources. For effective search process BOOLEAN Concept was used along with trunctuation marks. The specific BOOLEAN operators that were used are AND, OR, and NOT. The keywords used include: drug abuse, opioid abuse, opioid crisis, integration, and support system. In the first CINAHL search, keyword drug abuse was used yielding 1432 hits, opioid abuse was used it reduced hits to 1195. A key search parameter peer reviewed was introduced search reduced to 823. Age limit (2015-2020) was introduced the search became 532. Key search integration was introduced outcome became 210. Key search support was introduced and only 11 sources remained. For the second pubmed,

Butler, J. M., Becker, W. C., & Humphreys, K. (2018). Big Data and the Opioid Crisis: Balancing Patient Privacy with Public Health. The Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics, 46(2), 440-453.

ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CLASS

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• Discussion Questions (DQ)

Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, including a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words. Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source. One or two-sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words. I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses.

• Weekly Participation

Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately. In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies. Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work). Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week.

• APA Format and Writing Quality

Familiarize yourself with the APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in Loud-cloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required). Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation. I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition.

• Use of Direct Quotes

I discourage over-utilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Master’s level and deduct points accordingly. As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content. It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source. Assignment: Evidence-Based Project, Part 2: Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry

• LopesWrite Policy

For assignments that need to be submitted to Lopes Write, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me. Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes. Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own? Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in Loud-cloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.

• Late Policy

The university’s policy on late assignments is a 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies. Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances. If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect. I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension. As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.

• Communication

Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me: Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class. Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours. Assignment: Evidence-Based Project, Part 2: Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry

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