Long-term care for older adults with chronic illness should promote independence, prevent complications, and support quality of life over time.
Comprehensive Care Planning
Develop an individualized plan covering diagnoses, medications, mobility, nutrition, continence, cognition, social needs, and personal goals. Review the plan regularly, especially after hospitalization or a change in condition.
Managing Common Chronic Conditions
- Diabetes: foot care, glucose monitoring, diet, and hypoglycemia prevention.
- Hypertension and heart disease: blood pressure monitoring, salt reduction, medication adherence, and symptom recognition.
- COPD: inhaler technique, breathing exercises, vaccination, and early treatment of infections.
- Arthritis: pain control, joint protection, and safe physical activity.
Preventing Complications
Schedule regular reviews for pressure injuries, falls, malnutrition, dehydration, polypharmacy, depression, and cognitive decline. Encourage vaccination, dental care, vision checks, and social engagement.
Supporting Caregivers
Family caregivers need education, practical skills, respite options, and emotional support. Clear discharge instructions, medication lists, and follow-up appointments reduce avoidable readmissions and improve long-term outcomes.