Overview
Discussion Assignment Instructions
The student must then post 2 replies of at least 100 words. Any sources cited must have been published within the last five yearsand all references must be formatted in current APA style.
Original discussion question: Post your Research Plan Overview: Methods for your classmates to review. Carefully review your outline for clear and concise writing before you copy and paste the outline into the textbox of your thread. Remember, your outline must provide you with enough information to spur detailed writing later. Submit your thread with a detailed title so your classmates can quickly decide which ones they will want to read. For example, "Studying First Grade English Language Learners" or "Studying Deployed Soldiers' Return to Their Families."
Please respond to the following 2 discussion posts….
1. V. W posted
Research Plan Overview
Stage 1: Introduction
Name: V’Tessa Watson
Stage of Completion: Stage 1
I. Introduction
A. Problem Statement
1. The problem is Veterans experiencing homeless upon returning home. This issue is normally seen in areas such as the city, but what about Veterans experiencing homelessness within a rural area. What are the contributing factors surrounding the Veterans homelessness and what can be done to ensure Veterans are able to have stabilized housing within the United States.
a. Byrne, T., Cusack, M., True, G., Montgomery, A. E., & Smith, M. (2020). "you don't see them on the streets of your town": Challenges and strategies for serving unstably housed veterans in rural areas.Housing Policy Debate, 30(3), 409-430. https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2020.1716823
b. Nelson, R. E., Gundlapalli, A., Carter, M., Brignone, E., Pettey, W., Byrne, T. H., Montgomery, A. E., Rupper, R., & Fargo, J. (2017). Rurality or distance to care and the risk of homelessness among Afghanistanand Iraq veterans. Housing, Care and Support, 20(2), 45-59. https://doi.org/10.1108/HCS-10-2016-0013
2. This topic is important to address due to the ongoing crisis surrounding homeless Veterans and the impact it has on society. This study could provide resources and insight on how to better address inadequate housing. This study can also provide personal insight from Veterans who are also experiencing this issue firsthand.
a. Tsai, J., Link, B., Rosenheck, R. A., & Pietrzak, R. H. (2016). Homelessness among a nationally representative sample of US veterans: Prevalence, service utilization, and correlates. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 51(6), 907-916. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-016-1210-
b. Gleason, K. D., Dube, M., Bernier, E., & Martin, J. (2022). Using geographic information systems to assess community‐level vulnerability to housing insecurity in rural areas. Journal of Community Psychology, 50(4), 1993-2012. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.22589
3. The problem is Veterans in rural areas struggle with adequate housing and housing resources.
B. Purpose
1. To provide insight on the issue regarding homeless Veterans in the rural area.
2. The purpose of this phenomenological study is to describe Veterans experiences with homelessness in rural areas within the United States.
C. General research questions
1. What are Veterans experiences with homelessness in rural areas within the United States?
2. How do rural VA caseworkers describe their experiences with working with the homeless Veterans and their housing situation?
3. How do rural Veterans describe their experiences with housing?
D. Research Plan
1. This study will be a qualitative study.
2. The reason why qualitative study will be a good choice for my topic is that it can provide insight on what a Veteran with inadequate housing goes through especially in a rural area. The study can also provide possible insight on resources that can support Veterans experiencing homelessness. Veterans located in rural areas will also be able to provide personal information regarding their struggle with homelessness.
II. Review of Related Literature
A. Theoretical Framework
1. The philosophical assumption that led me to the choice is epistemological assumption. The reason why I chose this assumption is because my research topic will rely on first-hand knowledge from the participants. Creswell & Poth conveyed that knowledge is known through subjective experiences of people (2018 p.21). I am also considering methodological assumptions as well to aid in this dissertation process.
2. The theories I feel are helping me shape this study are postpositivism and social constructivism. Postpositivism allows one to discover contributors regarding cause-and-effectsituations (Creswell & Poth, 2018).Homelessness can be looked at as a cause-and-effect situation. Social constructivism can allow for the researcher to understand the why regarding homelessness. Social constructivism allows for a researcher to understand the world they live in and how it works around them (Creswell & Poth, 2018). I like the two theories and feel like they both can be applied to my research someway.
B. Important Thinkers/experts/theorists in this field of study
1. Tsai, J. (Ed.). (2019).Homelessness among US veterans: Critical perspectives. Oxford University Press.
a. Tsai has several articles and research regarding issues surrounding Veteran homelessness.
b. His work is heavily cited in several articles.
2. Moranda, J. M. (2020). Homeless veterans: It takes a community. Journal of Veterans Studies, 6(1), 107.https://doi.org/10.21061/jvs.v6i1.168
a. A major contributor within the Veteran Voices group.
b. Connected his experiences with research and is a vetted member of the Journal of Veteran Studies editorial board.
C. Related Research
1. Research article: Easterday, A., Driscoll, D., & Ramaswamy, S. (2019). Rural homelessness: Its effect on healthcare access, healthcare outcomes, mobility, and perspectives of novel technologies. Journal of Social Distress and Homeless, 28(1), 56-64. https://doi.org/10.1080/10530789.2019.1567978
a. This article addresses the effects of homelessness on various areas to include healthcare and mobility.
b. This article discusses the effects of homelessness on other areas of the economy.
c. This article discusses homelessness as a public health issue that needs to address.
2. Research article: Albright, D. L., Fletcher, K. L., Thomas, K. H., McDaniel, J. T., Laha‐Walsh, K., Null, D., & Vohra, S. (2022). Behavioral health outcomes in veterans compared to nonveterans by rural and urban areas in Alabama, 2015–2018. Health & Social Care in the Community, 30(3), e636-e646. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.13392
a. This article discusses the mental health issues associated with homelessness.
b. This article is important because it provides insight regarding the impact of homelessness on Veterans.
c. This article also addresses the impact of substance use on homeless Veterans.
III. Methods
A. Design (approach) and Rationale
1. The approach I plan on using is the Phenomenological approach.
2. Phenomenological research centers on the phenomenon being explored. In my case, the phenomenon being explored is Veterans homelessness, specifically in rural areas. Creswell and Poth conveyed this form of research is best suited for researchers who are trying to understand the common experiences regarding the phenomenon and utilize that information to create policies and or bring awareness regarding the phenomenon. Being a Veteran, I feel this issue is barely addressed and needs more awareness. My focus is to understand from firsthand accounts of the housing inadequacies within the rural areas and address areas that need improvement for Veterans.
B. Site
1. The name of the site is “Helping those who severed”.
2. The site is located in within a church on the second floor.
3. The site can be accessed Monday-Friday 8am-5pm.
4. This site also provides 24/7 on call services for Veterans in need.
C. Participants
1. Since I am taking a phenomenology approach, there will be 5-10 individuals within the group.
2. The participants will be selected via the interview process. The participants history regarding homelessness, programs they have sought out, and additional barriers such as mental health will be reviewed to determine qualification.
3. Gender will not be a factor regarding this study as homelessness can impact anyone. The age range will be 40-60 years old. All other demographic factors such as race will be considered within the study.
D. Role of Researcher or Personal biography
1. V’Tessa Watson
2. I work as a resident in marriage and family therapy. I also work a crisis clinician part time.
3. I am an Army Veteran. I also have over 5 years of experience with working with people who are in crisis, majority deal with displacement.
4. I will say my spirituality and relationship with God can impact how I view the data and research. I believe that everything happens for a reason, and we can either pull through or succumb to our surrounding’s.
E. Data Collection
1. The first method of data collection will be interviewing.
a. Multiple interviews will take place over a period of time with the same participants to gain insight regarding the phenomenon.
b. The type of sampling that will be utilized is maximum variation sampling.
2. The second method of data collection will be participant observation.
a. Multiple interviews, note taking, and reviewing documents will allow the researcher to gain insight regarding the phenomenon.
b. The type of sampling that will be utilized is homogeneous sampling.
3. The third method of data collection will be focusing groups.
a. Multiple interviews within a group setting, handwritten notes, and field notes will be utilized to gain insight regarding the phenomenon.
b. The type of sampling that will be utilized will be maximum variation sampling.
F. Data Analysis
1. The first technique that will be utilized is horizontalization.
a. Horizontalization focuses on treating the statements from participants with importance.
b. The data is reviewed via transcripts and the significant statements are then highlighted (Creswell & Poth, 2018).
c. The reason for this is gain insight on the participants experience regarding the phenomenon.
2. The second technique that will be utilized is clustering. Clustering allows for the information to be grouped based on their similarities and differences (Creswell & Poth, 2018).
G. Trustworthiness
1. The first technique that will be utilized is member checking.
a. Participants will be required to review and confirm the information with the researcher to ensure accuracy.
b. It allows for validation and credibility to be established as it pertains to the data collected.
2. The second technique that will be utilized is audit trail.
a. This process allows for record keeping of how the qualitative study was conducted.
b. This process is important because it allows the researcher to review the information gathered and to think critically regarding the decisions made during the research process.
3. The third technique that will be utilized is reflexivity.
a. This process focuses on the researcher acknowledging their role within this process.
b. This process is important because it allows for the researcher to account for their views and insight and how it impacts the research process, therefore making the researcher accountable.
c. and so on…
H. Ethical Considerations
1. A potential issue that could arise is if the data doesn’t provide favorable information. A way this can be addressed is reviewing how the information was collected and if it was credible.
2. A potential issue that could arise is the researcher views and if it impacts the data. A way this can be addressed is by ensuring the researcher acknowledges their bias and how it can impact the research.
3. Data can be protected by keeping the information anonymous which means removing information that can reveal the participants location and identity.
References
List all references cited in current APA edition format
Appendix A Timeline and Budget
Be specific. Here is an example:
August 2021—Finish coursework ($ for these items)
September 2021—Get committee together and register for dissertation course ($)
Spring 2022—Defend proposal ($)
Summer 2022—Submit research plan to the InstitutionalReview Board (IRB) for approval ($)
And so on…
Appendix B Interview Questions/Guide
What are the general questions you will ask?
Questions should be opened ended; no yes/no questions
Appendix C: Other Data Collection Procedures (e.g. Focus Groups, Document Analysis, Writing Prompts, Observations, etc.)
How will you gather information?
Will you use a template with time stamps (every 5 minutes mark the time)?
Will you use a map of the room and scan from left to right?
Will you focus on following a participant?
Appendix D Consent Form
Include a robust, substantive consent form; check out Liberty’s IRB Website for example(s). Do you need one for various participants? If you need one for students/minors, it is called an ‘assent form.’
References
Albright, D. L., Fletcher, K. L., Thomas, K. H., McDaniel, J. T., Laha‐Walsh, K., Null, D., & Vohra, S. (2022). Behavioralhealth outcomes in veterans compared to nonveterans by rural and urban areas in Alabama, 2015–2018. Health & Social Care in the Community, 30(3), e636-e646.
Byrne, T., Cusack, M., True, G., Montgomery, A. E., & Smith, M. (2020). "you don't see them on the streets of your town": Challenges and strategies for serving unstably housed veterans in rural areas. Housing Policy Debate, 30(3), 409-430.
Creswell, J. W. & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry & research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications. ISBN: 9781506330204.
Easterday, A., Driscoll, D., & Ramaswamy, S. (2019). Rural homelessness: Its effect on healthcare access, healthcare outcomes, mobility, and perspectives of novel technologies. Journal of Social Distress and Homeless, 28(1), 56-64.
Gleason, K. D., Dube, M., Bernier, E., & Martin, J. (2022). Using geographic information systems to assess community‐level vulnerability to housing insecurity in rural areas. Journal of Community Psychology, 50(4), 1993-2012.
Moranda, J. M. (2020). Homeless veterans: It takes a community. Journal of Veterans Studies, 6(1), 107. https://doi.org/10.21061/jvs.v6i1.168
Nelson, R. E., Gundlapalli, A., Carter, M., Brignone, E., Pettey, W., Byrne, T. H., Montgomery, A. E., Rupper, R., & Fargo, J. (2017). Rurality or distance to care and the risk of homelessness among afghanistan and iraq veterans. Housing, Care and Support, 20(2), 45-59.
Tsai, J., Link, B., Rosenheck, R. A., & Pietrzak, R. H. (2016). Homelessness among a nationally representative sample of US veterans: Prevalence, service utilization, and correlates. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 51(6), 907-916.
Tsai, J. (Ed.). (2019). Homelessness among US veterans: Critical perspectives. Oxford University Press.
2. O. A posted
The Effect of Depression on African Immigrant Youth in America
Methods
A.Design (approach) and Rationale
1.Phenomenological
2.Phenomenological research is the exploration of participant's lived experiences,and the subjective experience of individuals is valid
B.Site
1. The Word and Miracle Ministries
2. A large building in New Castle, Delaware location
3. The way the building is designed is a large auditorium for general worship, the youth chapel is attached to the main building, and part of the wing to the right side of the church is where the children's classrooms for infants to teenagers, conference and counseling rooms are located
4. The building is where people from all walks of life come in for prayers. The church is known for prayers and deliverance. A portion of the building is rented out for public functions such as birthday parties, wedding receptions, and retreats. In addition, there is a gym and studio potion.
C. Participants
1.12 participants will be the minimum, and after 15 participants, one will be close to saturation
2. Requirement is based on the research questions, theoretical perspectives, and evidence informing the study.
3. Male and Female between 18 years to 20 years
D.Role of Researcher or Personal
1.Olulade Abayode
I am a staff sergeant in the Department of Correctional Institution. I am the first-line supervisor responsible for supervising, organizing, coordinating, and directing the activities in the facility. I am involved in training the new hires and reviewing and approving reports submitted by staff. Also, ensure the offenders follow the policies and procedures of the institution.
2.I am family-oriented and believe in the structure and the principle Christ has laid for families so we can live in love and unity. Each family member represents Christ and ensures to live a life with a sound mind. So, depression, anger, and oppression should not be found in God’s family. 2 Timothy 1:7 says, For God hath not given us the spirit of fear; but of power, and love, and a sound mind.
3.Since Christ has promised that we should have a sound mind, I am going to deal with my participants with the view of not just getting data for my research but stretching forth a helping hand to them by showing them the place where they can get help and shed more light to the dark area of their lives by bringing hope for better future to them. The Bible says, James 4:17 Therefore to him that knoweth to do good, and doeth it not, to him it is sin.
E. Data Collection
Interviews are the most common method of collecting data. Having one-on-one interviews gives one access to a conversion directly with the participants, in which one will have information from a direct source.
a. Semi-structured interviews are a method of collecting data that can be used in this research.
b. The researcher will have in-person interviews, the most common data collection format in qualitative research. Another option will be online conferencing platforms such as Zoom.
2. Focus Groups
a. A focus group is a research method that strategizes for a small group of people to answer questions in a comfortable setting.
3. Observation is another method of data collection.
a. The primary purpose is to gather information that cannot be measured.This method does not require the participant to put in any form of mental input for the researcher to get the information needed for the study.
Appendix B Interview Questions/Guide
What are the general questions you will ask?
1. Tell me your expectations about America.
2. How long have you been in America?
3. Please give me a short description of how you felt before coming to America.
4. How do you think now when you are in America
5. Do you ever feel like returning to your home country, andexplain why?
6. Would you like to describe what triggers or makes your mood change?
7. Would you like to tell me how your relationship is with your peers?
8. In what way do you feel insecure or rejected?
9. Can you explain or describe the experience you had that made you so depressed?
10. Would you like to express the effect of depression relative to your day-to-day activities?
11. Would you like to tell me when you felt comfortable or happy with yourself?
12. Can you describe what you have achieved so far and your life aspirations?
13. What kind of help have you received?
14. Describe the way you view yourself and your environment.
Appendix C: Other Data Collection Procedures (e.g.,Focus Groups, Document Analysis, Writing Prompts, Observations, etc.)
In focus group data, the researcher can conduct two in-person groups in which participant data is collected simultaneously. The information gathered is based on collective views from a specific group.