Overview
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*All of the Following Below Sources Are Required and Must Be Incorporated Into the Week 3 Initial Discussion Answer*
*REQUIRED TEXTBOOK: Textbook: A Comprehensive Guide to Intellectual & Developmental Disabilities 2nd ed) Wehmeyer, Brown, Percy, Shogren and Fung (2017). ISBN – 13- 978-1-59857- 602-3; ISBN -10-1-5987-602-X .
*Week 3 Required Chapters to Read From the Required Textbook*
Chapter 13 – Factors Causing or Contributing to Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Chapter 16 – Autism Spectrum Disorder Chapter 22 - Epilepsy
*Week 3 Audio Source Transcript Attached*
*Video Source 1 Link*:
*Video Source 2 Link*:
*Video Source 3 Link*:
*Video Source 4 Link*:
*Video Source 5 Link*:
*Week 3 Mini Lecture Provided Below*:
Class, you may not be able to open the websites directly from the writing. Copy and paste them into the address bar and they should open there. If you have issues, let me know. Dr. G.
Class, through the reading of the textbook and other material along with the audio and videos this week, you have learned about some of the disabilities that are cause by either genetics, chromosomal issues, or environmental factors. Along with some of these disabilities other problems exist such as those of seizures (Wehmeyer et al., 2017). Seizure disorders can stand alone or can accompany other illness and disabilities and an individual can have one seizure in a lifetime and never have another one again (https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22789-seizure). Seizures take place when an abundant of electrical conduction occur within the brain - it can happen in different areas of the brain as well. Recently, an actress had a full-blown clonic/tonic seizure having never having one previously (https://fortune.com/well/2023/11/02/brooke-shields-water-toxicity-seizure/). It was concluded that drinking too much water over a period of time led to the seizure.
Seizures are not fully understood with regards to why some people have them; they have been studied for a long time and also have been around since humans have been around (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8051941/). They have been described in ancient writings and some of the leaders of the world as well as well-known individuals have been reported to have had them such as Teddy Roosevelt, Socrates, Alexander the Great and Elton John (https://eabb.org/famous-people-with-epilepsy/; https://edmontonepilepsy.org/famous-people-with-epilepsy/).
Although some seizures are epileptic in nature, others are not (https://nyulangone.org/conditions/epilepsy-seizure-disorders/types). For instance, some children have seizures from high fevers while others might have a seizure from a concussion or for no known reason. Seizures are complex and not fully understood; however, for our purposes when looking at disabilities whether developmental or not, seizures sometimes accompany them so that as professionals we need to know if our clients/patients have them as well as how to handle seizures when they occur (Wehmeyer et al, 2017).
For this week, read the chapters on those areas that contribute to developmental disabilities (LD) and intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD)such as Fragile X Syndrome, Cerebral Palsy, etc. then go do discussions and be sure to incorporate all that you have had as materials for this week.
Dr.G.
Reference
Wehmeyer, M. L., Brown, I, Percy, M., Shogren K. A., & Fung, W L S. (2017). A comprehensive guide to intellectual & developmental disabilities (second edition). Baltimore, MD: Brookes.
LINK. 1) https://mccs.brightspace.com/d2l/le/content/167547/viewContent/7662162/View.
LINK 2) https://mccs.brightspace.com/d2l/le/content/167547/viewContent/7292668/View.
LINK 3) https://mccs.brightspace.com/d2l/le/content/167547/viewContent/7292669/View.
LINK 4) https://mccs.brightspace.com/d2l/le/content/167547/viewContent/7292670/View
LINK 5). https://mccs.brightspace.com/d2l/le/content/167547/viewContent/7662178/View.
LINK 6) https://mccs.brightspace.com/d2l/le/content/167547/viewContent/7662179/View
Peer Response That Must Be Replied to:
In Dr. G’s week three audio, we were reminded that everyone is different. For example, two people with the same disability can be different and require different treatment plans (Giammarco, 2026). In addition, learning disabilities can be presented differently in everyone (LD@School, 2021). ADHD is diagnosed in boys more than girls, as the disability is presented differently in boys and girls (Giammarco, 2026). People with disabilities will respond to treatment in different ways, and for some, not all treatment plans will be good for a lifetime (Giammarco, 2026). The earlier a disorder is found in a child, the easier it will be to maintain or lessen symptoms (Giammarco, 2026). Identification and diagnosis of intellectual and developmental disabilities is key for the individual to access the services that are needed (Psych Hub, 2021, 00:02:40). For children with learning disabilities in school, they can receive an individualized education plan that is based on their strengths and needs (LD@School, 2021, 00:02:40).
From Dr. G’s mini-lecture, I learned that seizures are complex and still not fully understood (2026b). Seizures have been studied for a long time, although it’s not fully understood why some people have them (Giammarco, 2026b). Seizures can be accompanied by illnesses or disabilities. For professionals, it’s essential to know whether a client has seizures and how to handle them when they occur (Giammarco, 2026b).
Seizures are defined as temporary, involuntary changes caused by abnormal and excessive cortical activity (Dr Matt & Dr Mike, 2020). Seizures occur when parts of the brain receive a burst of electrical signals that interrupt electrical brain function (Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, 2014). When the brain's inhibitory mechanisms regain control, the seizure can end within seconds or minutes (Wehmeyer et al., 2017, p. 313). During an epileptic seizure, neurons can fire up to 500 times a second, the normal rate is 80 times a second (Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, 2014). I found it interesting that 4% of the population will have epilepsy at some point in their life (Wehmeyer et al., 2017, p.313). Seizures be provoked, some causing factors can be drug interactions or overdoses, metabolic changes, problems with potassium or sodium levels and tumors (Dr Matt & Dr Mike, 2020: 00:00:25). Seizures can be treated and controlled, medication is the most common way, although if drug therapy is not effective surgery, diet and vagal simulation are utilized (Wehmeyer et al., 2017, p.315).
I found it interesting that seizure disorders can be accompanied by psychosocial impairments. Adults with intractable epilepsy often experience emotional disturbances such as anxiety and depression (Wehmeyer et al., 2017, p.319). In addition, 5%-10% may develop schizophreniform psychosis (Wehmeyer et al., 2017, p.319). When treatment is used, it typically focuses on only the seizures, and the accompanying psychiatric problems do not get treated (Wehmeyer et al., 2017, p.319). This could play a role in why the suicide rate is five times higher for the population that has seizure disorders than the general adult population (Wehmeyer et al., 2017, p.319).
From the 3rd video, I learned about cerebral palsy and what can cause the disability. This disability is often associated with seizures (Wehmeyer et al., 2017, p.315). Cerebral palsy is a group of movement disorders caused by damage to motor areas of the brain during fetal development, birth, or even early infancy (Alila Medical Media, 2022). The degree of severity can vary person to person, some may require assistance in all daily activities, but others can be more independent (Alila Medical Media, 2022, 00:00:50). The most common perinatal causes are birth asphyxia (Alila Medical Media, 2022:00:02:00). Some postnatal causes are head trauma and infections (Alila Medical Media, 2022:00:02:15).
Overall, after reviewing all materials this week, I gained a better understanding of the importance of knowing that all disabilities are presented differently. In addition, each individual needs an individualized treatment plan to ensure they are receiving the right treatments. Understanding both physical and psychosocial impacts of conditions like seizure disorders is essential for the individual to receive effective and individualized support.
References
[Alila Medical Media]. (2022, November 7). Cerebral Palsy, Animation [Video].
YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lm9KIutwSYU
[Children's Healthcare of Atlanta]. (2014, July 7). What is a seizure? [Video].
YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O8TVgxm-9Cc
[Dr Matt & Dr Mike]. (2020, April 20). Seizures (Generalised) [Video].
YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=smWdIgwxRgE
Giammarco. (2026, January). Week 3 Audio.
https://mccs.brightspace.com/d2l/le/content/167547...
Giammarco. (2026b, January). Week 3 Mini-Lecture.
https://mccs.brightspace.com/d2l/le/content/167547...
[LD@School]. (2021, September 29). What is an LD? An introduction to learning
disabilities [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PR99gf1OwBE
[Psych Hub]. (2021, October 20). What is IDD? [Video].
YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rymHXQmiugI
Wehmeyer, M. L., Brown, I., Percy, M., Shogren, K. A., & Fung, W. L. A. (2017).
A comprehensive guide to intellectual and developmental disabilities (2nd ed.). Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co.
Requirements: Please Be Sure to Write a Minimum 500 Word 650 Words Max Week 3 Initial Discussion + 250 Word Peer Reply Times New Roman Size 12 Font Double-Spaced APA Format Excluding the Title and Reference Pages | .doc file
Please provide an answer that is 100% original and do not copy the answer to this question from any other website since I am already well aware of this. I will be sure to check this.
Please be sure that the answer comes up with way less than 18% on Studypool's internal plagiarism checker since anything above this is not acceptable according to Studypool's standards. I will not accept answers that are above this standard.
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Please be sure to include in-text citations where necessary.