Unit 14: Direct and Yield Capitalization
- What is the direct capitalization formula, and how does it help determine property value?
- What are the four categories of data needed for an appraisal using direct capitalization?
- What is the capitalization rate (Cap Rate), and how does it impact property value and risk?
- What is the difference between return of investment (capital recapture) and return on investment (interest rate, discount rate, risk rate, or return on rate)?
- What are the two main methods for selecting a capitalization rate, and how do they differ?
- Below are different capitalization techniques. Choose one and explain how it works:
- Building Residual Technique
- Land Residual Technique
- Valuing Land and Building as a Whole
- Case Study – Capitalization Rate Calculation
A commercial property has a net operating income (NOI) of $85,000 and recently sold for $1,000,000.- Calculate the capitalization rate (Cap Rate) using the direct capitalization formula:R=ValueNOI
- If another property has an NOI of $75,000, estimate its value using the same Cap Rate.
Student Calculation Grid for Direct Capitalization Approach
| Step | Formula / Calculation | Student Answer | Hint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Net Operating Income (NOI) | Given: $85,000 | __________ | This value is provided |
| Property Sale Price (Value) | Given: $1,000,000 | __________ | This value is provided |
| Capitalization Rate (Cap Rate) | NOI ÷ Property Value | __________ | Use the formula: R = NOI ÷ Value |
| Cap Rate Formula | R = NOI ÷ Value | __________ | Formula reference |
| Cap Rate Calculation | 85,000 ÷ 1,000,000 | __________ | Divide $85,000 by $1,000,000 to find Cap Rate |
| New Property NOI | Given: $75,000 | __________ | This value is provided |
| Estimated Property Value (Using Cap Rate) | NOI ÷ Cap Rate | __________ | Divide $75,000 by the previously calculated Cap Rate |
Quick Reference Guide
✅ Key Definitions:
- Net Operating Income (NOI): The income remaining after operating expenses have been deducted from Effective Gross Income (EGI).
- Capitalization Rate (Cap Rate): The percentage used to convert NOI into a property’s estimated value.
- Formula for Direct Capitalization:R=ValueNOI
- Formula for Estimating Property Value Using Cap Rate:Estimated Property Value=Cap RateNOI
✅ Helpful Tips:
- Lower Cap Rate = Higher property value (less risk, more stable income).
- Higher Cap Rate = Lower property value (higher risk, uncertain income).
- Direct capitalization is best suited for properties with stable, predictable income streams.