Overview
1. What are the building blocks(monomers)of DNA and RNA?
2. What are the similarities and differences between DNA and RNA molecules?
3. What scientists were responsible for determining the 3-D structure of DNA? What is the 3-D structure of DNA?
4. If 10% of the bases in a DNA sample are A (adenine), then what percent of the bases are T (thymine), G (guanine) and C (cytosine)?
5. Below is a nucleotide sequence of a single strand of DNA. Write the sequence of the complementary strand.
A-‐T-‐C-‐A-‐C-‐T-‐A-‐T-‐A-‐T-‐A-‐G-‐C-‐T-‐C-‐G-‐A-‐T-‐C-‐G-‐T-‐C-‐A-‐T-‐C-‐G
6. Why is it important that the two strands of DNA in the double helix are connected by hydrogen bonds? 7. What does DNA code for?
8. What two processes are involved in the production of proteins from DNA?
9. What is transcription? Where in the cell does transcription occur?
10. Assume that the following sequence of bases represents a segment of DNA that is to undergo transcription. Determine the corresponding sequences of bases in the resulting mRNA molecule. DNA: A-‐T-‐C-‐A-‐C-‐T-‐A-‐T-‐A-‐T-‐A-‐G-‐C-‐T-‐C-‐G-‐A-‐T-‐C-‐G-‐T-‐C-‐A-‐T
11. What are transcription factors, and what role do they play in transcription?
12. How many nucleotides make up a codon? Is there more than one codon for each amino acid?
13. What codon is at the beginning of a mRNA sequence? What codons are at the end?
14. How is mRNA processed prior to leaving the nucleus?
15. What is translation, and where in the cell does it occur?
16. The following mRNA sequence is transcribed into a chain of amino acids. What is the resulting amino acid sequence? A-‐U-‐G-‐C-‐A-‐G-‐C-‐G-‐A-‐A-‐G-‐G-‐U-‐C-‐G-‐U-‐A-‐G
17. What is a mutation? What are the two classes of mutations, and what do they do?