Overview
Review Test – Chapter 2
Only need question and correct answer on sheet
1. Which of the following is NOT true of matter?
A. Composed of elements
B. Has mass
C. Life is made up of matter
D. Occupies space
E. All of the above are true
2. Which of the following is NOT true of elements?
A. Can be broken down or transformed chemically into other substances
B. A total of 118 elements have been defined
C. 92 elements occur naturally
D. Made of atoms
E. More than 30 are found in living cells
3. Which of the following is NOT true of hydrogen atom?
A. Has all of the properties of the element hydrogen
B. Exists as a gas at room temperature
C. Bonds with oxygen to create a water molecule
D. Broken down into subatomic particles while still retaining the properties of hydrogen
E. All of the above are true
4. All atoms contain protons, electrons, and neutrons.
A. True
B. False
5. Which of the following is a positively charged particle that resides in the nucleus of an atom?
A. Atom
B. Electron
C. Element
D. Neutron
E. Proton
6. Which of the following is NOT true of electrons?
A. Has a mass of 1
B. Negatively charged
C. Resides outside of the nucleus
D. Travels in the space around the nucleus
E. All of the above are true
7. Which of the following is true of neutrons?
A. A positively charged particle
B. Has a charge of –1
C. Has a negligible mass
D. Resides outside of the nucleus
E. None of the above
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8. Which of the following is NOT true of atoms?
A. The atomic number of an element is equal to its number of protons
B. The mass number of an element is its number of protons plus the number of neutrons
C. The number of neutrons can be determined by subtracting the atomic number from the mass
number
D. Different elements are in different states (liquid, solid, or gas) at room temperature
E. All of the above are true
9. What is the mass number of an unknown element if its number of protons is 6 and it number
of neutrons is 6?
A. 0
B. 6
C. 12
D. 18
E. 24
10. Isotopes are different forms of the same element that have the same number of protons, but
a different number of neutrons.
A. True
B. False
11. Which of the following is NOT true of carbon-12?
A. The most common isotope of carbon
B. Contains six electrons
C. Contains six neutrons
D. Contains six protons
E. Has a mass number of 6
12. An atom is at its most stable when all of the electron positions in the outermost shell are
filled.
A. True
B. False
13. Which of the following is NOT true of ions?
A. Does not contain equal numbers of protons and electrons
B. Has a net charge
C. Negative ions are formed by gaining electrons
D. Positive ions are formed by losing electrons
E. All of the above are true
14. Which of the following is NOT one of four types of chemical bonds?
A. Covalent bond
B. Hydrogen bond
C. Ionic bond
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D. Polar bond
E. van der Waals interactions
15. Which of the following is NOT true of chemical bonds?
A. There are four types of bonds or interactions
B. Hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions are strong interactions
C. Strong interactions require a larger energy input to break apart
D. Weaker bonds do not require much energy to break
E. All of the above are true
16. Which of the following is NOT true of ionic bonds?
A. A positive ion is formed when an element donates an electron from its outer shell
B. A strong interaction
C. Result in a net zero charge
D. The element accepting the electron is now negatively charged
E. Water molecule is an example
17. Which of the following is NOT true of covalent bonds?
A. A strong chemical bond
B. Dissociate in water
C. Formed when an electron is shared between two elements
D. The most common form of chemical bond in living organisms
E. All of the above are true
18. Nonpolar covalent bonds share the electrons equally.
A. True
B. False
19. Which of the following is NOT a covalent bonds?
A. CH4
B. H2O
C. NaCl
D. O2
E. All of the above
20. Which of the following is a polar covalent bonds?
A. CH4
B. H2O
C. NaCl
D. O2
E. All of the above
21. Which of the following is NOT true of hydrogen bonds?
A. A weaker bond
B. Give rise to the unique properties of water
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C. Require considerable energy to break
D. Occur between the δ+ charge of the hydrogen atom of one molecule and the δ– charge of the
other molecule
E. All of the above are true
22. Water is essential to all life.
A. True
B. False
23. Which of the following is NOT true of water?
A. Is polar
B. Makes up approximately 60–70 percent of our body
C. The most abundant molecules in living cells
D. There is no overall charge to a water molecule
E. All of the above are true
24. When a substance readily forms hydrogen bonds with water, it can be dissolved in water
and is referred to as hydrophilic.
A. True
B. False
25. Which of the following is NOT true of hydrophobic compounds?
A. Hydrogen bonds are readily formed with water
B. Nonpolar
C. Oils and fats
D. Will not dissolve in water
E. All of the above are true
26. Which of the following is NOT true of water and temperature?
A. Temperature is a measure of the motion of molecules
B. As the motion increases, temperature increases
C. Increased energy disrupts the hydrogen bonds between water molecules
D. Water moderates temperature changes
E. All of the above are true
27. Which of the following is the reason why ice floats on the surface of a body of water?
A. Because ice has more hydrogen bonds than liquid water
B. Because ice is less dense than liquid water
C. Because water is hydrophilic
D. Because water is polar
E. All of the above
28. Ionic compounds and polar molecules can readily dissolve in water.
A. True
B. False
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29. Which of the following is the reason why a steel needle can float on top of a glass of water?
A. Because water is adhesive
B. Because water is cohesive
C. Because water is hydrophilic
D. Because water is polar
E. All of the above
30. Which of the following is NOT true of pH?
A. A measure of its acidity or alkalinity
B. Measures the amount of hydrogen ions
C. The more hydrogen ions present, the lower the pH
D. The overall concentration of hydrogen ions is inversely related to its pH
E. All of the above are true
31. A change of two unit on the pH scale represents a change in the concentration of hydrogen
ions by a factor of _____.
A. 1
B. 2
C. 10
D. 20
E. 100
32. Which of the following is acidic?
A. Baking soda
B. Blood
C. Orange juice
D. Pure water
E. All of the above
33. Which of the following is NOT true of acids?
A. Lower pH
B. Provide hydrogen ions (H+)
C. Range from 0.0 to 6.9
D. The stronger the acid, the more readily it donates H+
E. All of the above are true
34. If too much H+ enters the body, bicarbonate will combine with the H+ to create carbonic acid
so increase pH.
A. True
B. False
35. Which of the following is NOT true of buffers?
A. Involves carbonic acid (H2CO3) and bicarbonate (HCO3–) anion
B. Keep the pH of the body between 7.2 and 7.6
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C. Moderate pH changes
D. Readily absorb excess H+ or OH–
E. All of the above are true
36. Which of the following is NOT one of four major classes of biological macromolecules?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Lipids
C. Nucleic acids
D. Proteins
E. Water
37. Biological macromolecules are organic because they contain __________________.
A. Carbon
B. Hydrogen
C. Nitrogen
D. Oxygen
E. Sulfur
38. Which of the following is NOT true of carbon?
A. Can form four covalent bonds with other atoms or molecules
B. Contains four electrons in its outer shell
C. May form rings
D. The fundamental component of many biological molecules
E. All of the above are true
39. Which of the following is the simplest organic carbon molecule?
A. CO
B. CO2
C. CH4
D. C6H12O6
E. None of the above
40. Which of the following is NOT true of carbohydrates?
A. Contained in grains, fruits, and vegetables
B. Mostly insoluble in water
C. Macromolecules
D. Provide energy to the body
E. All of the above are true
41. Which of the following is NOT true of glucose?
A. During cellular respiration, energy is released from glucose
B. Important source of energy
C. Polysaccharide
D. Produced by photosynthesis in plants
E. All of the above are true
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42. Which of the following is NOT a monosaccharide?
A. Fructose
B. Galactose
C. Glucose
D. Lactose
E. All of the above are monosaccharides
43. The most common disaccharide is sucrose, or table sugar, which is composed of the
monomers glucose and fructose.
A. True
B. False
44. Which of the following is the stored form of sugars in plants?
A. Cellulose
B. Chitin
C. Glycogen
D. Starch
E. All of the above
45. Which of the following is the storage form of glucose in humans and other vertebrates?
A. Cellulose
B. Chitin
C. Glycogen
D. Starch
E. All of the above
46. Which of the following is found in the cell walls of plants?
A. Cellulose
B. Chitin
C. Glycogen
D. Starch
E. All of the above
47. Which of the following is a nitrogenous carbohydrate that makes up the exoskeleton in
arthropods?
A. Cellulose
B. Chitin
C. Glycogen
D. Starch
E. All of the above
48. Which of the following is NOT true of lipids?
A. Hydrophobic
B. Insoluble in water
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C. Made of 20 different chemically distinct amino acids
D. Nonpolar molecules
E. Provide insulation from the environment for plants and animals
49. Which of the following have three fatty acids and are called triglycerides?
A. Fats
B. Oils
C. Phospholipids
D. Steroids
E. Waxes
50. Most unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature and are called oils.
A. True
B. False
51. Which of the following is NOT true of fats?
A. Saturated fats are solid at room temperature
B. Saturated fats help to improve blood cholesterol levels
C. Unsaturated fats contain a double bond in the hydrocarbon chain
D. Unsaturated fats or oils are usually of plant origin
E. All of the above are true
52. An increase in trans-fats in the human diet may lead to an increase in levels of low-density
lipoprotein (LDL), or "bad" cholesterol, which, in turn, may lead to plaque deposition in the
arteries, resulting in heart disease.
A. True
B. False
53. Which of the following is NOT true of omega-3 fatty acids?
A. Found in salmon, trout, and tuna
B. May prevent heart disease and reduce the risk of cancer
C. Unsaturated
D. Required but not synthesized by the human body
E. All of the above are true
54. Which of the following is the major constituent of the plasma membrane?
A. Fats
B. Oils
C. Phospholipids
D. Steroids
E. Waxes
55. Which of the following have four, linked carbon rings?
A. Fats
B. Oils
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C. Phospholipids
D. Steroids
E. Waxes
56. Which of the following are made up of a hydrocarbon chain with an alcohol (–OH) group and
a fatty acid?
A. Fats
B. Oils
C. Phospholipids
D. Steroids
E. Waxes
57. Which of the following is NOT true of proteins?
A. Broken down to release glucose
B. Can function as enzymes or hormones
C. Have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules
D. One of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems
E. All of the above are true
58. Insulin is a protein hormone that maintains blood glucose levels.
A. True
B. False
59. Which of the following are the monomers that make up proteins?
A. Amino acids
B. Fatty acids
C. Glucose
D. Glycerol
E. Nucleotides
60. Which of the following is NOT true of DNA?
A. Has a double-helical structure
B. Made up of monomers known as nucleotides
C. Mostly involved in protein synthesis
D. The genetic material found in all living organisms
E.all the above