Overview
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General Chemistry II Laboratory CHEM 1121
Full Lab Report General Guidance A properly written full lab report completely explains an experiment. It should contain adequate background information regarding the application and theory of the experiment (Introduction section), a summary of the experimental methods (Experimental section), a summary of the data collected and how it is manipulated to obtain the results (Results section), and a final section that puts all the pieces together and leads the person to the next step (Discussion section). Introduction The introduction should include the theory and principles pertaining to the experiment. References to previous work (if known) and pertinent chemical information concerning the experiment should also be included. If a chemical reaction occurred, the balanced chemical reaction must be included in this section. Put simply: why is the experiment interesting in general? The best resource to use for guidance on writing the introduction of the lab report is the lab handout. No, you are not allowed to plagiarize it, but it generally contains most of the information that should be in the lab report introduction. This section should: • Have multiple paragraphs • Contain relevant or example chemical reactions and/or key mathematical equations • End with a purpose statement. • Contain citations of credible references (this will be discussed later) for the background information used This section should NOT: • Talk specifically about the experiment or methods being performed • Contain any data or results from the experiment being performed • Contain direct quotes from other sites/references placed in quotation marks Experimental Methods The procedure as you performed the experiment. Describe what was done (notice the past tense) and why you did it, thus there should be a rationale for your procedure. This is usually referred to as the overview. Summarize the steps provided in the lab handout into one to three paragraphs. This section should: • Be written in passive, past tense • Contain exact quantities of reagents used • Include identifier for any unknowns used (ex. Unknown D) This section should NOT: • Include setup of equipment, unless it is unique • Include pronouns such as “we”, “I”, etc. • Contain results • Contain repetitive statement
Results Numerical data is best presented in table form. Tables may be made in either Word or Excel. These tables may be exact replicas of the data tables in the lab notebook. Calculations must be explained in this section. This must be accomplished by using a word description of the calculation and by inserting equations used. The results including percent error or percent yield should be stated in this section, but should not be discussed or justified yet (that’s for the discussion section). Discussion Use the Post-lab Discussion Guidance for writing this section. Generally, the weekly post-lab discussion you wrote should be graded with appropriate feedback before the full lab report is due. Thus this section should have the least amount of error. Bibliography Any new concepts or ideas stated in the introduction should be cited. These concepts or ideas should come from relevant sources. Either APA or MLA styles are acceptable. To cite web pages, copy and paste the link, and state the date the page was accessed (when did you go to the page and read the info?). Relevant sources • Physical textbooks • Scientific peer-reviewed journal articles • LibreTexts.org (as long as the exact link and textbook referenced are provided in the bibliography) • Lab handouts from other universities (these should have web links that end in ‘.edu’) • CRC (Handbook of Chemistry and Physics) Unacceptable Sources • Wiki (Wikipedia) • Thoughtco Both of these lists are not complete. If you’re not sure, please ask. Other General Points Other details: • Each section should have a title/header • There should NOT be a title page • Superscripts, subscripts, and symbols must be used • Elements and/or substance names are NOT capitalized unless used to start a sentence • Reports must be typed in a word processor and submitted via D2L as a .pdf file into the appropriate Dropbox Please proofread the document (or ask someone else to) prior to turning it in. Points are deducted for poor grammar, typos, etc