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Communications Question

Post ID: 3392322

2/3 Mon. Orientalism I

Read Orientalism and answer the following 7 questions: Said - Orientalism, Introduction1.pd

1. Who invented the “Orient”?

2. Who are the people in the "Orient"? Are the Chinese people included?

3. How is the Academia biased?

4. How does the Western style dominate the “Orient”?

5. Why is the “Orient” not merely an idea?

6. Write a quote from the article that is interesting to you.

7. Explain why the quote is interesting to you (Minimum of 4 sentences)

2/5 Wed. Orientalism II

Read - Said - Orientalism, Introduction1.pdf

Preview - Orientalism 1 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vdE18HdfanI&feature=related

1. What is hegemony?

2. How does the hegemony work?

3. What is the “inherent dominative mode”?

4. Who created it?

5. How does it work? & Why should we be concerned?

6. Decode Inherent Dominative Mode of the picture below (Napoleon in Egypt) - Identify three examples (elements) that indicate the Inherent Dominative Mode (Europe and Napoleon are superior).

2/7 Fri. American Orientalism & Anti-Americanism

Watch - American Orientalismhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8CnTTyKzDOU

01. How does American Orientalism differ from European Orientalism? State three elements.

02. Write one idea from the video that is most interesting to you?

03. Write one idea that is most disturbing to you?

04. Write your reflections (a minimum of 4 sentences).

Read - Anti-Americanism - Anti-Americanism, Understanding Arabs.pdf

05. Do “Arabs” hate the American people?

06. What do many “Arabs” hate about the U.S.?

07. Who has mainly created “Anti-Americanism” in the U.S.?

08. How do many students at University of Jordan see democracy and the Universal Human Rights in the light of Islam?

09. What might be one major reason that some politicians and media negatively stereotype the Middle East and Arabs? (The answer is not in the article: Reflect on the profit-making motives.)

10. What idea is most interesting to you?

11. What idea is most disturbing to you?

12. Write your reflections (a minimum of 4 sentences).

2/10 Mon. Theory of Stereotypes and Stereotyping I

Read - Stereotypes as Individual and Collective Representation Stereotypes as individual & collective representations .pdf

1. Find one example of stereotypes and explain the followings questioons: A, B, C, & D - Find a representation - an mage or texts:

  • Definition: Individual Functions of Stereotypes- They systematize & simplify information …, and protect the perceiver’s value structure (belief).
  • Definition: Collective Functions of Stereotypes - They offer culturally accepted explanations for events, justify group actions, and … provide a means for groups to differentiate themselves positively from other groups.
  1. How does it systematize (identify a pattern) and simplify (they are all the same) the people/culture that are stereotyped? (Individual function)
  2. How does it protect the perceiver? (Individual Function)
  3. How does it differentiate the stereotyped group (i.e., "Arabs") and perceiver’s group ("U.S. Americans")? (Collective function)
  4. How does it offer culturally accepted explanations for events (what the stereotyped group does) and justify group action (U.S. reaction to it)? (Collective function)

2/12 Wed. Stereotyping - Epistemic and Esteem-related functions, and economic motives

Study the Epistemic and Esteem-related Functions of Stereotypes and Stereotyping. Stereotypes as individual & collective representations .pdf

In accordance with the Epistemic and Esteem-related Functions, explain how the 9/11 terrorist attacks (stereotypes) were used for going to war in the Middle East: Arabs are evil, and they hate the Americans. They hate our freedom.

Epistemic Functions

  1. Dehumanization: Explain - How did the stereotypes dehumanize people in the Middle East? ... i.e., The terrorists are Arabs. All the Arabs are dangerous and less than human.
  2. Rationalizing/Justifying the existing conditions: Explain how did the stereotypes justify what was happening in the Middle East?
  3. Justifying collective actions and inactions: Explain how did the stereotypes justify the actions (policies) of the U.S. in the Middle East?
  4. Serving the status quo: Explain how did the stereotypes serve to maintain the status quo (conflicts) in the Middle East?
  5. Esteem-Related Function: Temporary threats to self-esteem cause individuals to make more intense stereotypic and prejudicial responses. Explain how were stereotypes used to boost the pride of the US Americans when people's confidence was challenged by the 9/11 terrorist attacks?
  6. Economic Motives: Explain how the weapon dollars and petrodollars work. (Note this part is not in the article. Use the lecture in class.)
  7. Your reflections on your findings (theoretical applications) - minimum of 5 sentences.

    2/14 Friday Stereotyping Arabs and "Third World."

    Truth or False: Arabs Respond to Stereotypeshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fb-u64vtF-MState at least 4 statreotypes discussed in the videoYour reflections (A minumum of 4 sentences)
    What West Can Learn from the Rest What the West can learn from the rest.pdf
      1. Think about stereotypes associated with “Third World.” State three stereotypes.
      2. Which ideas from the article challenge the stereotypes? State three ideas.
      3. Which idea(s) is(are) interesting/surprising to you?
      4. Your reflections (minimum of 4 sentences).

        2/18 Tu - Canadian Backpack and Flag

        Based on the article of "The Canadian backpack and flag," complete the worksheet below (5 questions)- The Canadian Backpack And Flag 1 The Canadian backpack and flag.pdf Click for more optionsWrite your reflection (a minimum of 5 sentences)

        RADIANTS/DIMENSIONSDESCRIPTIVE MODE(KEY TERMS & SYMBOLS)INTERPRETIVE MODE(MEANINGS)
        1. Being a. Canada, 2. Canadians b. Canadian Maple Leaf Flag.1. How do many Canadians describe who Canadians are? Your answer based on the article.
        2. Relatingc. Unusually low rate of hate-related crimes (92) in Toronto with residents from 169 different nations speaking more than 100 languages (in 1998). d. Everyone has universal heath care and a social safety net. 2. What do these mean to Canadians? Your answer based on the article.
        3. Actionse. Canadians purchase modest and the plainest possible backpacks. f. Canadians served the wrong dish at a restaurant might go ahead and eat it. 3. What do these mean to Canadians? Your answer based on the article.
        4. Feelingsg. Conservative. 4. What does being "conservative" mean to Canadians? Your answer based on the article.
        5. Dwelling h. The Canadian mosaic of cultures: Different cultural communities. Beaver (The national animal)Social Democracy We take good care of nature, whereas US exploits it. Canadians work together and build impregnable lodges (society), whereas Americans compete with each other (fragile/hostile).
        6. Functions(What is being accomplish-ed for Canadians)
        1. Systematize & simplify US & protect the images of Canadians.
        2. Enable Canadians to differentiate positively from US.
        3. Justify Canada’s economic & political status: Canadians are more socially conscientious
          1. and caring (moral superiority).
        4. Maintain status-quo of the Canadian system.
        5. Canadians’ self-esteem is boosted by negatively stereotyping US Americans.
        6. Canada is more balanced since it is culturally between the US (brash) and Great Britain (withdrawn).
        7. 5. Who do these communication practices unite? (Your Answer? )
        6. Your Reflections (a minimum of 5 sentences). Adapted from Gannon, M.J. (2004). Chapter 13: The Canadian backpack and flag. In Understanding global cultures: Metaphorical journeys through 28 nations, clusters of nations, and continents (3rd ed., pp. 173-178). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.

        2/19 Wed. Theory of Cultural Discourse Analysis

        Read- Cultural Discourse Analysis: Communication Practices and Intercultural Encounters. Carbaugh 2007 Cultural Discourse Analysis.pdf

        Complete - Worksheet WS Theory of Cultural Discourse Analysis Worksheet.docx
        Examples for the Descriptive Mode, Interpretive Mode, and the Radiant of Being
        Donal Carbaugh (2007)
        QuestionsAnswers: Use quotations marks & page numbers. ie: (Carbaugh, 2007, pp. 171-172).
        1. What is the descriptive mode?i.e., “The descriptive mode responds to the question, what actually happened as a practice of communication?” (Carbaugh, 2007, p. 171).
        2. What is the interpretive mode?
        3. What is the comparative mode? (i.e.: By comparing and contrasting different cultural meanings of similar communication practices, the analyst can explore similarities and differences between different practices (Carbaugh, 2007).i.e: This mode helps explore “what is similar across communication practices … in different societies, and helps what is culturally distinctive in each” (Carbaugh, 2007, p. 173).
        4. What is the critical mode?
        5. What is the theoretical mode?
        What are the five radiants (dimensions) of meaning? Citations needed
        5. What isthe 1st Radiant?i.e.: Being “Who I am or who are we? ... Who each person is. ... of the practice, what does it presume, or create, as message about identity?” (Carbaugh, 2007, p. 175).
        6. What isthe 2nd Radiant?
        7. What isthe 3rd Radiant?
        8. What isthe 4th Radiant?
        9. What isthe 5th Radiant?
        [1] Carbaugh, Donal (1989/1990). The critical voice in ethnography of communication research. Research on Language and Social Interaction, 23, 261-281

        2/21 F Muslim-American Comedians & What's So Funny

        Read How Muslim-American comedians helped a community cope after 9/11 (If the web link is not readable, use the pdf version
        How Muslim-American comedians helped a community cope after 9.11.pdf ) https://www.thenationalnews.com/world/us-news/2021/09/08/how-muslim-american-comedians-helped-a-community-cope-after-911/ 1. Dean Obeidallah says "On September 10, I went to bed a White guy." What happened to him on 9/11? 2. Who is Maysoon Zayid?3. Why is Maysoon Zayid funny? 4. Describe the two lessons Zayid took from the tragedy of 9/11 terrorist attacks. 5. What does Maz Jobrani want to accomplish by breaking the angry stereotypes of Muslims in the Middle East?6. Your Reflections (a minimum of 4 sentences) Read What's so funny_.pdf
        7. State 4 ways that humor and laughter are therapeutic.8. Your Reflections (a minimum of 4 sentences)

        2/24 Monday Curing what ails you & Native American Culture/Communication

        Read Curing what ails you.pdf
        2. Your reflections (a minimum of 3 sentences) Read the article: Native American culture and communication.pdf Click for more options
        Watch (first 2.5 minutes) - Native American Humor https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RYA77k4QVkwWatch (if you have time) - Vaughn Eaglebear - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=19K3jpH0GP4Answer the following questions: 3. One of the best ways to understand people is to know what makes them laugh. T/F4. For many Native Americans, individual achievements are seen as contributions to personal glory. T/F5. “Waiting” for a festival to begin is seen as an opportunity to share jokes and tell stories. T/F6. Teasing is a way to teach proper ways of conducts. T/F7. What does humor mean to many Native Americans?8. Your reflections (a minimum of 3 sentences). 9. Complete the following worksheet based on the article:Native American Culture and Communication Through Humor.
        Gc WS .docx Click for more options
        Complete the Interpretive Mode and FunctionsNative American Culture and Communication Through Humor by Chaemine Shtiva“One of the best way to understand a people is to know what makes them laugh.” Vine Deloria, Jr.
        Comparative Mode
        Descriptive Mode(Key terms and symbols)Interpretive Mode(Meanings for Native Americans)Interpretive Mode(Examples of General-Stereotypical Perception in the US)
        BeingNative AmericansThe Sacred ClownWho are they?Who is the Sacred Clown?Stoic and Quiet People Scary, Dangerous Violent, Jokers, alcoholic. Lacking independence. Indian Time - Laid back/Lazy Drinking, Dancing, and Partying No caring. Feeling lazy. Primitive
        RelatingGroup and community are important. Competition is regarded with disdain.Meanings?
        ActingAppreciate and dote on humorCross-tribal teasing (& just teasing)Start a meeting whenever people are ready and when everyone arrives. - Neither early nor so early, but never late.Meanings?
        FeelingWaitingUnity & EntertainingMeanings?
        DwellingNature & People (Tribes)Religious Events (Pow-wows)Harmonious and spiritual balance with self, others, and nature is essential in life. Actively participate in events and share stories and tell jokes. Get to know people and help promote harmony.
        Functions(Humor & CuDA)Boost self-esteem and acknowledge the dignity of other tribes.List 5 other functions (among many others) Stereotyping Theory:Non-Native Americans are better and superior. No need for sympathy and empathy: Status Quo. They have created their own social problems: Their own fault.

    1. 2/26 W - Song Remains the Same - Peace Movement in Israel

      The Song Remains the Same The song reminds the same (Israel).pdf
      1. Answer the following questions.
      1. Aviv Geffen is the last person who touched Rabin (Former Prime Minister) before he was assassinated. T/F
      2. Aviv Geffen believes in telling the truth about the cause of the conflicts. T/F
      3. Aviv Geffen believes that the occupied territories are a cancerous growth in the body of Israel. T/F
      .2. Complete Worksheet below (Note that not all the snwers are in the article. You are welcome to come up with your own answers).Worksheet: Israel - Music and Personhood of Aviv Geffen
      Descriptive Mode and Interpretive ModeAviv Geffen’s PerceptionInterpretive Mode
      Being – An unusual artist Pop star (Rock) Jewish/IsraeliWhat do these mean to Geffen?
      Relating – Entertainer vs. fans Relate to youths.What do these mean to Geffen?
      Acting – Writes and sings his own songs.What does it mean to Geffen?
      Feeling – ConfidenceWhat does it mean to Geffen?
      Dwelling – I can’t walk the street without bod-guards and get death threats, but nothing stops me. It is my job.What does it mean to Geffen?
      Functions List at least two functions

      4. Aviv Geffen, icon of Israeli left, apologizes during West Bank concert for denouncing settlers. https://www.jta.org/2022/08/30/israel/aviv-geffen-icon-of-israeli-left-apologizes-during-west-bank-concert-for-denouncing-settlersWrite 2 ideas that are interesting to you. 5. Why Young Jews Are Detouring From Israel to Palestine https://www.yesmagazine.org/issue/travel/2019/05/28/israel-palestine-young-jewish-activists-birthrightWtite 2 ideas that are interesting to you. 6. Your overall reflections (a minimum of 5 sentences)

      2/28 Fri. How the Corporate Media Enslave Us &

      How the Corporate Media Enslave Us to a World of Illusions https://www.commondreams.org/views/2018/06/13/how-corporate-media-enslave-us-world-illusions1. What is the Great Western Narrative?2. What does it do? 3. How can a liberation happen? 4. Your reflections (a minimum of 5 sentences).
      Read the following article and answer the questions below. The reason why we sing.pdf5. The heart of traditional African religions is the emotional experience of being filled with the power of the spiritual. T/F6. For many African American worshipers, emotions serve as guidelines to understanding life and others. T/F7. African American worshipers believe that “you can hurry God.” True/False8. How are African Americans treated in their churches?9. What is the most important ability for a pastor?10. What does it mean to sing?11. Your reflections (a minimum of 5 sentences).