Overview
You need to complete four different circuits on the Tinkercad website. I will provide the solutions; you just need to build the circuits. Once you're done, please send me pictures of your completed circuits.
1. Basic LED Circuit (Series)
Objective:
To learn how to power an LED with a simple series circuit.
Components:
1x LED
1x Resistor (220Ω)
1x Breadboard
1x 9V Battery + Battery Clip
Jumper wires
Solution:
Place the LED on the breadboard.
The long leg is the anode (positive) and the short leg is the cathode (negative).
Place a 220Ω resistor in series with the LED.
Connect one end of the resistor to the anode (long leg) of the LED.
Connect the other end of the resistor to the positive terminal of the 9V battery.
Connect the cathode (short leg) of the LED to the negative terminal of the 9V battery using jumper wires.
Expected Behavior:
When the battery is connected, the LED should light up because the circuit is complete, and current flows through the LED.
2. Simple Button and LED Circuit
Objective:
To learn how to control an LED with a push button.
Components:
1x LED
1x Resistor (220Ω)
1x Push button
1x Breadboard
1x 9V Battery + Battery Clip
Jumper wires
Solution:
Place the LED on the breadboard.
Connect the long leg (anode) of the LED to one side of the breadboard.
The short leg (cathode) will be connected to the negative side of the battery.
Insert the push button into the breadboard.
Push buttons have two pairs of pins. Identify which pins are connected when the button is pressed.
Connect the button to the power:
Connect one pin of the push button to the positive terminal of the 9V battery.
Connect the other pin of the push button to the long leg (anode) of the LED.
Add a 220Ω resistor in series between the LED’s short leg (cathode) and the negative terminal of the battery. This resistor limits current through the LED to prevent burning it out.
Pressing the button will complete the circuit, allowing current to flow to the LED, lighting it up.
Expected Behavior:
When the button is pressed, the LED should light up. When the button is released, the LED will turn off.
3. Light-sensitive Circuit with LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)
Objective:
To control the brightness of an LED based on ambient light using an LDR.
Components:
1x LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)
1x LED
1x Resistor (10kΩ for LDR)
1x Resistor (220Ω for LED)
1x Breadboard
1x 9V Battery + Battery Clip
Jumper wires
Solution:
Place the LDR on the breadboard.
One end of the LDR goes to the positive terminal of the 9V battery.
Place a 10kΩ resistor in series with the LDR.
Connect the other end of the LDR to one side of the resistor.
The other side of the resistor goes to the negative terminal of the battery.
Connect the LED:
Connect the long leg (anode) of the LED to the same point where the LDR and resistor meet.
Connect the short leg (cathode) of the LED to the negative terminal of the battery, either directly or through another 220Ω resistor.
Effect of Light:
In bright light, the LDR’s resistance decreases, allowing more current to flow through the circuit, making the LED brighter.
In dim light, the LDR’s resistance increases, causing less current to flow through the circuit and the LED to become dimmer.
Expected Behavior:
The brightness of the LED will change depending on the amount of light falling on the LDR. More light = brighter LED, less light = dimmer LED.
4. Simple Buzzer Circuit
Objective:
To create a circuit that activates a buzzer when a button is pressed.
Components:
1x Buzzer
1x Resistor (220Ω, optional depending on buzzer type)
1x Push button
1x Breadboard
1x 9V Battery + Battery Clip
Jumper wires
Solution:
Place the buzzer on the breadboard.
Connect one terminal of the buzzer to the positive terminal of the 9V battery.
Place the push button:
Connect one side of the push button to the negative terminal of the 9V battery.
Connect the other side of the push button to the other terminal of the buzzer.
Add a resistor (220Ω) in series if needed, depending on the buzzer’s specifications. Otherwise, you can omit this step.
Test the button:
Pressing the button completes the circuit and powers the buzzer, causing it to sound.
When the button is released, the buzzer will stop.
Expected Behavior:
The buzzer will sound when the button is pressed and will stop when the button is released.