De Anza College Volcanic Glass Crystalline Structure and More Questionnaire

Overview

A volcanic glass (like obsidian) is not considered a mineral because ___________.

Group of answer choicesIt is not a solid

All of these answers are correct

It lacks a crystalline structure

it is made by organic processes

Question 2 3 pts

The coalescing (coming together) of rocks, dust, other debris that led to the formation of the Earth is called:

Group of answer choicesDifferentiation

Solidification

Accretion

Lithification

Question 33 pts

Water with a high salt content is more dense than water with a low salt content.

Group of answer choicesTrue

False

Question 43 pts

Rocks that have a lot of SiO2 are usually ______in color and are called _______.

Group of answer choicesLight; Felsic

Dark; Felsic

Light; Mafic

Dark; Mafic

Question 53 pts

As water warms it becomes more dense.

Group of answer choicesTrue

False

Question 63 pts

The focus of an earthquake is

Group of answer choicesall of the choices are correct.

beneath the earth’s surface, directly under the epicenter.

the primary point of rupture in the earth’s crust.

located using multiple seismographs.

Question 73 pts

The largest difference between high and low tide occurs ...

Group of answer choicesDuring the spring

When the earth and moon are aligned

During the winter

When the earth, moon, and sun are aligned

Question 83 pts

Concern about the greenhouse effect stems from

Group of answer choicesincreases in volcanic ash in the air.

worldwide cooling observed since the 1920s.

all of the choices are correct

increases in atmospheric carbon-dioxide levels.

Question 93 pts

Seismic waves which travel only along the Earth's exterior

Group of answer choicesall of the above

P-waves

S-waves

surface waves

Question 103 pts

What causes the lowering of the water table?

Group of answer choicesWithdrawal of groundwater exceeds recharge

Saltwater intrusion in coastal areas

Compaction of aquifers during earthquakes

Excessive land subsidence

Question 113 pts

Warming ocean temperatures may result in which of the following?

Group of answer choicesAll of these answers are correct

A decrease in phytoplankton productivity

An increase in "extreme" weather patterns

Increased rates of evaporation

Question 123 pts

Surface collapse in a region of karst topography produces

Group of answer choicessinkholes

deltas

all of the above

caverns

Question 133 pts

As water evaporates from the oceans...

Group of answer choicesOxygen-18 is preferentially removed

Oxygen-16 is preferentially removed

Oxygen-16 and Oxygen-18 are removed in equal quantities

Question 143 pts

Magnetic Polarity “Stripes” on the sea-floor occur because ________.

Group of answer choicesThe type of rock forming on the sea-floor changes periodically

Magnetic minerals in rocks on the seafloor record the periodic flip of the poles

of reasons that are not understood; It’s a geologic mystery

The rock on the seafloor get older as you move away from a ridge

Question 153 pts

Magma with the greatest capacity for trapping gases is _______.

Group of answer choicesmafic

intermediate

felsic (silicic)

ultramafic

Question 163 pts

Liquefaction is

Group of answer choicesflooding caused by dam failure resulting from an earthquake.

flooding of coastal areas due to tectonic subsidence.

a quicksand-like condition arising in some wet soils during earthquakes.

flooding caused by tsunamis.

Question 173 pts

Earthquake-related hazards include all of the following except

Group of answer choiceslandslides.

tsunamis.

liquefaction.

release of radon gas.

Question 183 pts

New Orleans is susceptible to future flooding because...

Group of answer choicesIt is surrounded on 3 sides by water

It is in a hurricane prone area

It is at or below sea-level

All of these answers are correct

It is built on loose sediment

Question 193 pts

Concerns about greenhouse-effect heating relate not only to possible changes in temperature, but also to possible changes in precipitation patterns.

Group of answer choicesTRUE

FALSE

Question 203 pts

When two continental lithospheric plates converge, what type of plate boundary will result?

Group of answer choicesCollisional Plate boundary

A continental hotspot

Subduction Zone

Transform Plate boundary

Question 213 pts

In 1989 as in 1906, earthquake damage in San Francisco was most severe in areas underlain by fill, as in the Marina district.

Group of answer choicesTRUE

FALSE

Question 223 pts

Which of the following will cause relative sea-level change?

Group of answer choicesMelting of glaciers as global temperature increases

Subsidence of land due to pumping of ground water

Uplift of the land near the ocean as a result of plate tectonics

All of these answers are correct

Question 233 pts

A very symmetric volcanic structure built of pyroclastics is a __________.

Group of answer choicesvolcanic dome.

shield volcano.

nuée ardente.

cinder cone.

Question 243 pts

The largest volume of fresh water is stored in which reservoir?

Group of answer choiceslakes and rivers

the atmosphere

groundwater

glaciers

Question 253 pts

A disadvantage of desalination is:

Group of answer choicespermits only high salinity water as feed for filtration

allows use of brackish groundwater

requires a lot of energy for distillation

cannot be done with solar energy

Question 263 pts

The time elapsed between the arrivals of the P- and S-waves at a seismograph is in indication of the

Group of answer choicesdistance between the epicenter and the seismograph

amount of ground motion

magnitude

intensity

Question 273 pts

Darcy's Law

Group of answer choicesis independent of the permeability of the material

determines the discharge through an aquifer

does not at all resemble the expression for stream discharge

quantifies how much recharge there is to an aquifer

Question 283 pts

Porosity is that portion of a geologic material where groundwater can be stored.

Group of answer choicesTrue

False

Question 293 pts

A greenhouse gas in one that

Group of answer choicestraps radiation from the sun and warms the atmosphere

all of the above

provides plants with the carbon required for growth

reflects incoming solar energy back into space

Question 303 pts

The effects of an earthquake on humans and their structures are measured as the

Group of answer choicesrate of tectonic creep

intensity

Richter magnitude

magnetic inclination

Question 313 pts

Ocean circulation is driven by _________ and ________.

Group of answer choicesWind; Storms

Density differences; Carbon content

Wind; density differences

Wind; Earth's rotation

Question 323 pts

Alfred Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift was not accepted by the scientific community because:

Group of answer choicesHe had no evidence to support his theory

He was not a scientist and therefore not trusted by the scientific community

He never tried to present his theory to the scientific community

He could not supply a mechanism to explain his theory

Question 333 pts

Removal of natural vegetation can result in which of the following?

Group of answer choicesincreased flooding

increased soil erosion

increased surface runoff

All of these answers are correct

Question 343 pts

A circular lowering of the water table around a well is

Group of answer choicesa cone of depression

a beginning of a sinkhole

found only in confined aquifers

the result of land subsidence

Question 353 pts

An igneous rock that formed as magma cooled below the surface of the Earth is called ________ and will have ________crystals than one that formed as lava cooled above the Earth's surface.

Group of answer choicesVolcanic; Larger

Plutonic; Larger

Plutonic; Smaller

Volcanic; smaller

Question 363 pts

Plate boundaries are located, in part, by the occurrence of linear belts of volcanoes and earthquakes.

Group of answer choicesFALSE

TRUE

Question 373 pts

Which process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?

Group of answer choicesdecay of organic matter

combustion of fossil fuels

photosynthesis

respiration

Question 383 pts

Which is NOT true of permeability?

Group of answer choicesdepends on both the geologic material and the type of fluid

Reflects how readily fluid flows through a material

Is part of the distinction between aquifers and aquitards

Is greater in shale than in sandstone

Question 393 pts

Clastic sedimentary rocks are those that formed from

Group of answer choicesAll of these answers are correct

the application of heat and pressure to other rocks

solidification of a magma

the products of the breakup of other rocks

Question 403 pts

Flood plains result from which of the following?

Group of answer choicessediment deposition by floods

lateral erosion

meander migration

all of the above

Question 413 pts

The lowest point that a stream flows to is called _______

Group of answer choicesbase level

meander size

flood frequency

channel pattern

Question 423 pts

According to plate-tectonic theory, plates of rigid, elastic __________ move over a weak layer below.

Group of answer choicesmantle

lithosphere

asthenosphere

core

Question 433 pts

Uncertainty in projecting probable greenhouse-effect heating arises from uncertainty about

Group of answer choicesclimates are very complex

uncertainty in CO2 removed by geologic processes

the relationship between CO2 produced, and resultant atmospheric CO2 levels.

all of the choices are correct

Question 443 pts

Land subsidence results from an increase in porosity in the geologic materials.

Group of answer choicesTrue

False

Question 453 pts

What is the Big Bang Theory?

Group of answer choicesa discredited theory that states that our universe maintains the same size over time

the theory that the entire universe has been expanding for 14 Billion Years

The theory that th e universe has been expanding for ~4.6 Billion years

a theory that says that the Earth’s formation was the result of a loud sound

Question 463 pts

Deep in the crust, at elevated temperatures, rocks may behave plastically and undergo folding or flow.

Group of answer choicesFALSE

TRUE

Question 473 pts

What is the name for the drowned edge of a continent?

Group of answer choicesContinental Shelf

Continental Slope

Continental Rise

Abyssal plain

Question 483 pts

Most stratovolcanoes are located at which plate boundary?

Group of answer choicesdivergent

subduction zone

transform

collisional

Question 493 pts

Convection in the mantle occurs because____________.

Group of answer choicesthe mantle is liquid and can easily flow

there are temperature differences that result in variations in density in the mantle

the lithospheric plates cause the mantle to move

there are compositional differences that result in density differences in the mantle

Question 503 pts

A seismic gap is

Group of answer choiceslocked and therefore accumulating stress.

a section of a fault that is undergoing creep

not very dangerous because it only slips a few meters at a time.

not of much concern because it is seismically quiet.

Question 513 pts

Due in part to the increase in Carbon Dioxide in the atmosphere, global temperatures will continue to increase and our oceans will become more acidic leading to the deterioration of coral reefs and many marine organisms.

Group of answer choicesTrue

False

Question 523 pts

The outer edge of a meander, where material is being eroded, is a(n) ____________.

Group of answer choicespoint bar

oxbow

cut bank

channel

Question 533 pts

A volcano built of many thin flows of fluid lava is a

Group of answer choicessubduction-zone volcano.

cinder cone.

volcanic dome.

shield volcano.

Question 543 pts

Magmas rich in silica

Group of answer choicesall of the choices are correct.

may contain up to about 75 percent SiO2 by weight.

are viscous and do not flow easily.

tend to inhibit passage of gas that tries to escape through it.

result in more explosive eruptions than low-silica magmas.

Question 553 pts

A hot, rapidly moving cloud of gas and ash produced by a volcanic eruption is known as a

Group of answer choicespyroclastic flow

composite flow.

rhyolite.

lahar.

Question 56 35 pts

List and describe 5 things you can (and are willing to do) that will contribute to a reduction in anthropogenic climate change. Create a numbered list of your answers. Your answers should be specific to you and should be actionable, meaning you have indicated specifically how you will accomplish this or what it will look like in your life. Be thoughtful and honest in your response. Ideally, you are creating a list of things that you will actually implement!