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Philosophy · Studypool

Help with Natural Deduction Proofs

Overview

Here is a summary of the rules of inference for conjunction, conditional and biconditional you will use below:

∧E You may write φ or ψ provided you have φ ∧ ψ in a prior line.

∧I You may write φ ∧ ψ provided you have both φ and ψ in two prior lines.

→E You may write ψ provided you have φ → ψ and φ in two prior lines.

→I You may write φ → ψ provided you have a subproof of ψ from φ.

↔︎E You may write ψ provided you have φ ↔︎ ψ and φ in two prior lines.

You may write φ provided you have φ ↔︎ ψ and ψ in two prior lines.

↔︎I You may write φ ↔︎ ψ provided you have one subproof from ψ to φ and one from φ to ψ.

Problems

1,) P, Q ∧ R ⊢ Q ∧ P

2.) P, Q ∧ R ⊢ R ∧ P

3.) P ∧ (Q ∧ R_1) , (P ∧ Q) ∧ R ⊢ Q ∧ R

4.) P ∧ (Q ∧ R) ⊢ (R ∧ Q) ∧ P

5.)P, P → (Q ∧ R) ⊢ R

6.) P → Q , P → R , P ⊢ Q ∧ R

7.) P → (Q → R) ⊢ Q → (P → R)

8.) P ∧ (Q → (R_1 ∧ R_2)) ⊢ Q → (P → R_1)

9.) P ↔ R ⊢ (P ∧ Q) ↔ (Q ∧ R)

10.) ⊤ ⊢ (P ∧ Q) ↔ (Q ∧ P)