Psychology Question

Post ID: 3443930

PSYC*4540 Issue Paper Instructions & Marking Rubric

INSTRUCTIONS

Seminar 2 Issue: How do we distinguish a false memory from a lie?

And guidelines and you have to answer to this I am proving the grading rubrics everything write in own words do not use no AI AND CHATGPT AS MAM HAS THE SOFTAWARE TO DETECT.EACH AND EVERY LINE and each and every word.

First use the 7 reading provided by me and then find out 3 academic peer reviewed sources only.

total 10 sources should cited

Intext citation should match with reference

Chances are that your group discussion will only have scratched the surface of what psychological science has to say about the issue, and the paper is an opportunity for you to dig deeper as an individual. For the most part, the assigned readings were written either by non-academics or by academics for a non-academic audience. This means that you should have plenty of opportunity to read more, learn more, and share what you’ve learned.

If you find that the readings have simplified an issue (e.g., for the sake of clarity when presenting to a non- academic audience), your paper could explore some of the complexities and subtleties of the issue. If, upon further reading, you feel that the issue was mischaracterized in the assigned readings, then your paper could provide clarity. Perhaps the assigned readings provided only one viewpoint, and your paper could explore an alternative viewpoint. If psychological scientists have not reached a consensus on the issue (e.g., Elizabeth Loftus and Dan Ariely disagree on the likelihood of false memories), then your paper could explore the evidence that each side deems important.Perhaps something was mentioned briefly in one of the readings and you would like to learn more about it; the paper is an opportunity to share what you’ve learned.

The issue I have selected is- Seminar 2Issue is- Issue: How do we distinguish a false memory from a lie?

The paper should be in 7 pages exactly(1250 words exactly) ( including title page and reference page, double-spaced, with one inch margins and 12-point font. There should be in-text citations where necessary and a reference section listing the works cited. APA7 owl purde style (cite authors then list references alphabetically by first author’s surname) is fine, but it is required and is evaluated. Quality is way more important than quantity; do not extend to seven pages a paper that could be written in 7 pages simply because you assume that bigger is better. On page on 1 title page and page2- page 6 content page and page 7 Reference should only come

(USE I AND Your task is not to summarize the week’s readings, but rather to critically and creatively engage with, and make sense of, the ideas and topics raised for the week.)

but most important.(Suggestion given by mam very very very improtant. only one of the topics you cover could be interesting, but they require more support. Reducing the number of claims you make while expanding them would help make your reflection more cohesive. In particular, I would recommend focusing on one argument per paragraph. Doing so would give you more opportunity to expand on your thoughts in a cohesive manner.)

Guidelines for issue papers • The main aim of the issue papers is to provide you with a written means of engaging with the readings and in class discussions.

Chances are that your group discussion will only have scratched the surface of what psychological science has to say about the issue, and the paper is an opportunity for you to dig deeper as an individual. For the most part, the assigned readings were written either by non-academics or by academics for a non-academic audience. This means that you should have plenty of opportunity to read more, learn more, and share what you’ve learned.

Do not summarize out •Your task is not to summarize the week’s readings, but rather to critically and creatively engage with, and make sense of, the ideas and topics raised for the that particular issue which you have taken.

Here are some ideas that can help you focus your paper:

Engage with (respond to relate to, discuss, debate, compare, refute etc.) the authors’ ideas or arguments.

Response to actual arguments

USE - ‘I’

A conversational tone is generally preferred written in the first-person (using I).

Informal way of writing

Provide reflection OF ISSUE deeply

Try to make sense and how do you think

(If you write claims provide reasoning behind them)

Thesis line IS VERY IMPORTANT IMPORTANT

Your ISSUE paper should focus on your individual PERSPECTIVE WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED IN ISSUE. You SHOULD focus on individual PERSPECTIVE WHAT YOU HAV E LEARNED IN ISSUE. VERY VERY IMPORTANT)

Reflect on your learning: How has your thinking changed? What assumptions did you have that were challenged? What has been tricky, disturbing, upsetting, complicated, confusing, etc.?

Chances are that your group discussion will only have scratched the surface of what psychological science has to say about the issue, and the paper is an opportunity for you to dig deeper as an individual. For the most part, the assigned readings were written either by non-academics or by academics for a non-academic audience. This means that you should have plenty of opportunity to read more, learn more, and share what you’ve learned.

Thesis line IS VERY IMPORTANT IMPORTANT

It has to be followed in every paper, and in fact, it may be better to choose all of these as a focus for your paper for the week. • The reflection papers are meant to be part of your ongoing reflection on new and sometimes complex ideas, and you can expect that your ideas about things will change as the course progresses. This means that your papers can be exploratory. • The GRADING will look for evidence that you have read and thought about the course material when grading your papers, so read the papers deeply and perhaps even more than once, take notes, highlight passages that are interesting or intriguing, write out questions or connections in the margins, and use these to help you identify potential topics to explore in your issue paper. Format for submissions:

APA7 STYLE OW PURDE.)WHOLE DOCX SHOULD BE DOUBLE SPACED). • APA 7 Referencing is only necessary if you want to cite materials other than those on your reading list.

Font –Times Newroman- 12 size

APA7 REFERNCE STYLE WHOLE DOCX SHOULD BE DOUBLE SPACED. • Paper adheres to the length guidelines - Length is 1250 words exactly ( DOUBLEspaced pages). • Quality is more important than quantity

A personal issue paper will require you to think deeply about your own experiences. You will need to think about the ways in which your experiences have shaped you or your understanding of a particular issue. A personal issue is about your perceptions rather than about extensive research that you have conducted.

A conversational tone is generally prefered written in the first-person (using I).

Three-stage model of reflective writing (have to used while writing )(VERY VERY IMPORTANT)

Stage 1: What?

Stage 1 starts the reflection process through descriptive questions (see below) that you can answer in your reflective journals. You should normally complete this stage as you plan and prepare for an experience (e.g., teaching practicum, community service placement, other learning opportunity). This is the “before” stage.

What do I expect to get out of this experience (goals, outcomes, purpose, ideas)?

What were my initial observations (e.g., of the placement location, interactions between people, my reactions)?

What are the goals of agency, group, organization?

What do I already know about the specific context?

What did I think before?

What roles am I taking on?

What happened to me today

Stage 2: So what?

Stage 2 requires you to share meaningful experiences and provide an observation or analysis of these experiences. In this stage, you write about the day’s actions and what significance or consequences are attached to these actions. You are challenged to interpret the meaning of your experiences. You can answer the following questions in your reflective writing piece. This is the “during” stage.

What did this experience mean to me?

What did I do that was effective? Why was it effective?

What am I learning about others and myself?

What did I do that seems to be ineffective? How could I have done it differently?

What values, opinions, and/or decisions have been made through this experience?

Stage 3: Now What?

In stage 3, you will apply the lessons you have learned during one (or more) placements (or situations) to other situations and contexts. You will explore new understandings about yourself and community issues. Questions to guide you are listed below. This is the “after” stage.

How will that change my action perspective going forward?

Is it important for me to stay involved in the community?

What will the final results of my efforts be?

How will that change my action perspective going forward?

How can I use what I learned in my future placements or career?

What changes would I make in this experience if it were repeated?

How does this experience exemplify or contradict module materials?

It should contain no spelling errors and typos

For example, start line should; start a bit like this, line can be like this, Starting line- this week our professor thought,

READINGS which have to be used

The resources and link which has to be used is only 2(two) pdf which I have provided in the form of pdf to be analyzed by word to word and used properly.

AFTER USING THE 6 READING PROVIDED BY ME DEEPLY THEN FIND OUT 3 ACADMEIC PEER REVIEWED SOURCE HAS TO BE USED ONLY AND these6 readings has to be used.

Reading are as follows:

READING NO-1 INCLASS Seminar CONTEXT_Seminar 2 (very very very veruy very importantSeminar 2 Issue: How do we distinguish a false memory from a lie?

Reference has to be-Meegan, D. (2025). Seminar 2 issue: How do we distinguish a false memory from a lie? [Course content]. University of Guelph.

Reading -2 “Steve Rannazzisi, Comedian Who Told of 9/11 Escape, Admits He Lied,” an article appearing in The New York Times on Sep 16, 2015 and written by Serge F. Kovaleski.

READING -3 “Brian Williams Admits He Wasn’t on Copter Shot Down in Iraq,” an article appearing in The New York Times on Feb 4, 2015 and written by Ravi Somaiya.

READING -4 “Ray Gosling: ‘I looked into that camera. And I just said it’,” an article appearing in The Guardian on Oct 2, 2010 and written by Jon Ronson. https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/oct/02/ray-gosling-interview

READING -5 “Memory expert and behavioral economist debate Brian Williams’ false-memory claims,” a radio broadcast (AirTalk) on Southern California Public Radio (89.3 KPCC) hosted by Larry Mantle and featuring Elizabeth Loftus and Dan Ariely.https://slate.com/technology/2015/02/false-memories-of-brian-williams-memory-experts-chabris-and-simons-tips-to-avoid-distortions.html

READING -6“A Polite Word for Liar (Memory Part 1),” which is the 3rd episode of the 3rd season of the Revisionist History podcast, released in 2018. https://www.pushkin.fm/podcasts/revisionist-history/a-polite-word-for-liar (IT IS AN PODCAST IT IS VERY IMPORTANRT YOU HAVE LISTENA AND ANALYSE IT DEEPLY).

Reading -7“Free Brian Williams,” which is the 4rd episode of the 3rd season of the Revisionist History podcast, released in 2018.

Gladwell, M. (Host). (2018, June 7). Free Brian Williams (No. 4) [Audio podcast episode]. In Revisionist History. Pushkin FM. https://www.pushkin.fm/podcasts/revisionist-history/free-brian-williams

DOCX –7 IS THE SAMPLE OF HOW TO WRITE THE ISSUE PAPER WHICH IS ALSO VERY IMPORTANT

DOCX 8 IS GRADING RUBRIC PHOTO(PDF DOCX).

I Have also attached the grading rubric photo which is in form of image grading rubric is very much important you have to follow each and every instruction very carefully.

only these sources which I have provided you have to use.

I have also attached the grading rubric photo each and every instruction has to be followed very carefully.

Suggestion given by mam intext citation should match with reference"(Make sure that you have the right authors in your citation and do not include any outsource out of course material).First you have to use this reading 1,2,3,4,5,6, reading and this Reading-1,2,3,4,5,6 is very very very important and has to be used studied deeply and understand deeply and then write original issue paper.

Suggestion given by mam very very very improtant. Any one of the topics you cover could be interesting, but they require more support. Reducing the number of claims you make while expanding them would help make your reflection more cohesive. In particular, I would recommend focusing on one argument per paragraph. Doing so would give you more opportunity to expand on your thoughts in a cohesive manner.

GRADING RUBRIC

Criteria	Excellent 80-100%	Criterion Score
Content & Development	Major points are clearly stated and supported by well-thought out arguments. Content and purpose are clear. One argument in one paragraph only.	/ 6
Integration of Thought	Paper shows a high level of creativity, thought, and attention to detail.	/ 6
Clear Introduction	Your introduction should accomplish three things: introduce the relevance of your paper, state the main argument or thesis, and provide a roadmap of the remainder of the paper, identifying the main steps of the argument. The main statement needs to be specific and argumentative in that it takes a specific perspective on the question at hand. This does not mean that your paper should be completely one-sided. As you develop your argument you will want to acknowledge counterarguments – always disarm your critics by doing so! This will make your argument more convincing.	/ 6
Structure	Structure of paper is easy to follow; paragraphs are well-built and transitions are clear. Sentences are clear and writing is at an advanced level.	/ 6
Grammar, punctuation & spelling	Paper contains almost no errors in grammar, punctuation, or spelling. There should be proper accuracy, clarity, and professionalism of written language, including proper use of grammar, punctuation, and spelling.	/ 5
Well written - clarity, precision, conciseness, proper use of the language, absence of repetition, freedom from spelling and grammatical errors	The paper clearly explained issue, and/or research introduced in the unit, and textbook, etc. Ensuring that ideas are clearly articulated, well written, clarity, precision, conciseness, well-structured, proper use of language, there should be no repetition, there should be no grammatical error and easy to follow.	/ 5
Presentation of research evidence to support argument	The paper should demonstrate a high level of research and evidence. You use a broad range of sources that are both timely and relevant to your essay topic. Your evidence should be from a variety of sources. Use 6 reading provided by me and 3academic peer reviewed empirical sources only . You efficiently and effectively you are able integrate your sources within your issue paper.	/ 6
Strong conclusion	Your conclusion should summarize the main thesis and the most important supporting arguments and discuss the implications of the thesis and the insights you have gained. Never introduce new evidence into the conclusion.	/ 5
Citation and Referencing	References to works outside of the reading list demonstrate an excellent understanding of the appropriate literature. In-text citations and reference section are stylistically consistent. Intext citation should match with reference properly . Reference to work outside the reading list should be exactly 3academic peer reviewed sources only . The paper correctly cited sources using APA 7 OWL PURDE Citation Style that is used by the Department of Psychology for intext citation and a reference list, without errors. Please see the link below for the Department of Psychology style guide. FOLLOW IT very strictly !!! Total 9 sources has to be referenced.	/ 5
Total		/50

Issue Paper Frequently Asked Questions 1. How many references do you want and can we use references that are more likeThe New York Times articles as well? NO

First use the 6-reading provided by me then find out the 3 academic peer reviewed sources.

Only use academic peer- reviewed sources [Note: the student plans to write a paper on false memory in children, hence some of the specific examples used in my answer] a. The appropriate number of references is expected to vary from one paper to another. We are counting the references and have a minimum number in mind. If you make a statement of fact regarding a particular finding (or set of findings), then you should find an appropriate reference from the scientific literature. For example, if you wish to claim that children are particularly vulnerable to the power of suggestion, then you should be able to find scientific proof for that claim (scientists who compared suggestibility in children and adults).

Total 9 references should be there b. A journalistic source (like The New York Times) is probably not an appropriate reference(donot use any journalistic source not allowed) for most purposes. For example, even if a New York Times article claimed that there was scientific proof for child suggestibility, it is a secondary source, and you should find the primary source (written by memory scientists instead of journalists). c. I can think of situations, though, in which a journalistic source would be an appropriate reference. For example, if you wanted to discuss a particular case of a child who had a false memory, then it would be appropriate to cite a piece of investigative journalism that brought the case to light. 2. A couple of students have approached me with paper topics that struck me as only distantly- related to one of the seminar issues. It should be obvious (to the person reading your paper) how your paper relates to one or more of the assigned readings. a. If it is NOT obvious how your paper relates to one or more of the assigned readings, then you should either (a) modify your topic, or (b) take the time in your paper to explain to the reader how your topic relates to the assigned readings. b. When a student deviates far from the seminar topic, it makes us suspicious that you are taking advantage of having written a paper for a previous course. We will be using Turnitin to investigate under such circumstances. 3. Can I use the first person? a. Yes the whole issue paper should express your own opinions and experiences, the first person is appropriate. If your opinion is informed by evidence, be sure to cite the evidence.

USE I FIRST PERSON ONLY.IMPROVMENTE SUGGESTED BY PROFESSOR

Paragraph	Main focus	Issue
Intro	Starts with personal reaction, defines lie vs. false memory, then announces you’ll analyze cases	✅ Mostly one purpose, but you slide into case examples before finishing your thesis.
Loftus / reconstructive memory	Introduces how false memories form (Loftus, misinformation) and starts to apply to Brian Williams	⚠ Two moves: (1) science of memory, (2) specific case. Could be split.
Motivation analysis	Compares Rannazzisi (calculated) vs. Williams (less motivated)	⚠ Actually two arguments: (a) motivation matters, (b) case study of Rannazzisi. Each could stand alone.
Williams memory creep	Talks about narrative drift and apology language, then brings in Ray Gosling	⚠ Mixed: (a) “creep + retraction pattern” and (b) new Gosling example of gray area.
Conclusion	Sums up insights	✅ Works well as a single wrap-up idea.

Several of your long paragraphs bundle two or more arguments.

one argument in one paragrah mam

Here’s a point-by-point SUGGETSION GIVEN Y PROFESSORof whether your paper actually satisfies each requirement.

🔍 Instruction → Your paper

Instruction	Does your paper do it?	Notes
Dig deeper beyond group discussion	✅ Yes	You move from a simple “lie = intent, false memory = mistake” view to a multi-factor psychological analysis using current research.
Read more than the non-academic assigned readings	✅/⚠ Partially	You cite some peer-reviewed (Kuhn, Oeberst, Johnson) but also lean heavily on news & podcasts. That’s fine if professor allowed 10 sources, but to clearly fulfill “read more” you should emphasize the peer-reviewed pieces and show you consulted extra scholarly work.
Explore complexities and subtleties if readings simplified	✅ Yes	You highlight reconstruction, misinformation effect, source monitoring, and motivation — showing the issue isn’t just intent vs error.
Clarify if readings mischaracterized	⚠ Partial	You imply that popular coverage oversimplified Williams as “lying,” but you don’t explicitly say “the readings simplified/mischaracterized this; here’s the fuller science.” Adding one or two sentences that call out the simplification would fully satisfy this.
Offer an alternative viewpoint if readings gave one	⚠ Partial	You mostly argue the false-memory side. You mention some think the distinction is blurred, but you don’t fully present what skeptics use as evidence. One short paragraph summarizing the skeptical case would finish this requirement.
If there’s no consensus (Loftus vs Ariely) show evidence both sides value	⚠ Partial	You use Loftus’ perspective but don’t present what the other camp relies on (e.g., base-rate data, lab vs real-world limits). Add a paragraph with those counter-arguments to satisfy.
Learn more about something briefly mentioned	✅ Yes	You expanded on Williams, Rannazzisi, and how memory creep works; that’s exactly “digging deeper.”
5–10 pages, double spaced, 12-pt, 1″ margins	✅ (length ~6–7 pp)	Your text is the right length once formatted. Just make sure spacing/margins are set on submission.
Use in-text citations & reference list	⚠ Partial	You cite sources, but APA style is inconsistent (author names, dates, URLs). Must clean to APA 7.
Quality over length	✅ Yes	You didn’t pad to 10 pages unnecessarily.